Through this book, David Stevens brings the benefit of the revolutionary concept to all companies and steers them through the troubled waters of recession. Mice were given 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide every 4 days and a gentamicin-vancomycin-clindamycin-imipenem regimen daily beginning 4 days before intranasal challenge with 5 10(5) Aspergillus conidia. Cytokines in BAL from HKY-vaccinated were higher, 1.7-fold for IFN and 2.1-fold for TNF, than in BAL from PBS-vaccinated. View details for Web of Science ID 000075737400027. The mother of two, who is married to field archaeologist David Stevens, said: 'From a very young age, parents are pushing their boys to achieve in a way they don't always do for girls . It involves long hours, and often being away from home for days and weeks at a time. What project can afford not to have the benefits of these secrets?, Many of Dr. Stevens facilitation secrets are revealed, but the extensive use of case studies for real organisations gives the reader tremendous insight in decision-making processes that lead to success for organisation, big or small., Filipo Sarti While David Whitehouse, who has died aged 71 of cancer, did notable work as a medieval archaeologist, his professional first love was the study of ancient glass. ACU Trooper at Jurassic World. Its clear that some women feel bullied by health professionals, and that cant be helpful. Of the 12 homozygous isolates, one isolate was sensitive to azole drugs. of Pulmonary & Critical Care Med. View details for Web of Science ID 000230724800021. For the efficacy study, ten-day-old Japanese quail (n = 60) were infected intratracheally with A. fumigatus conidia. In one patient, fungemia was accompanied by clinical and laboratory evidence of Broviac catheter infection. The medical community is alerted to the pathogenic potential of the genus, particularly in a dialysis setting. Male. Progesterone is also an effective inhibitor of growth of the fungus. A more selective method was developed for use on samples suspected to be heavily contaminated with other organisms, using the strategy of increased salt concentration in a broth enrichment culture to further exploit Halomonas halotolerance, and thereby inhibit other organisms. While it's been a decade since the excavations, Anna Stevens, an archaeologist at Monash University who is assistant director of the Amarna Project and co-director of ongoing research at the. Comparison of known members of sibling species within the genus Saccharomyces, which cannot be distinguished by standard biochemical tests, showed that S. paradoxus, S. bayanus, and S. cerevisiae could be differentiated by RFLP analysis. Dis. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) production by BAM from BALB/c was significantly less than that from CD-1 in response to co-culture with Bd. Cloned, amplified inserts from randomly sheared genomic DNA (gDNA) and known control genes were printed onto glass slides to generate a microarray of over 12,000 elements. But at home, in her secret . This management task increasingly, for insurance reasons or geographic reasons, falls on clinicians unfamiliar with the disease. In an IFA study with B. dermatitidis, serum with an anti-mouse IgG conjugate did not result in fluorescence, yet serum blocked IFA staining of B. dermatitidis by anti-1,3-beta-glucan IgG antibody. By contrast, DEX suppression of lymphocyte responses to concanavalin A was maintained during co-culture with GM-CSF. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01649.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000270589000004. Most of these clinical isolates are able to grow at 42 degrees, a temperature that completely inhibits the growth of most other S. cerevisiae strains. Protection of bronchoalveolar macrophages by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor against dexamethasone suppression of fungicidal activity for Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, Efficacy of ravueonazole in treatment of mucosal candidosis in SCID mice, In vivo GM-CSF prevents dexamethasone suppression of killing of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia by bronchoalveolar macrophages, The impact of culture isolation of Aspergillus species: A hospital-based survey of aspergillosis. View details for DOI 10.1007/s11046-017-0133-9, View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.00316-13. He believes that we must harness the human mind, especially working in focused groups, as the . Stevens, J. Infect. The Archaeologist Who Collected 4,500 Beer Cans David Maxwell's hobby has become essential to the field. Abelcet at 8 mg/kg or AmB at 0.8 mg/kg were superior to all regimens of caspofungin in reducing cfu (P < or = 0.05-0.001). Res Publica: A Journal of Moral, Legal, and Social Philosophy. [1], Stevens lived in Reading until his death on 7 April 1899. View details for DOI 10.1080/13693780701644140, View details for Web of Science ID 000252219400001, We compared the efficacy of treatments in a rabbit model of coccidioidal meningitis (CM).Rabbits were infected intracisternally with Coccidioides immitis and treated with intravenous amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC), deoxycholate amphotericin B (dAMB), oral fluconazole or diluent [sterile 5% dextrose in water (D5W)]. High dose IL-12 (1 microg, subcutaneously) treatment of BALB/c infected intranasally with Blastomyces resulted in enhanced survival (P<0.008). Therefore, it was important to determine if there was any association between putative virulence traits and virulence that might help explain the variation in virulence phenotypes. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.3.1047-1050.2004, View details for Web of Science ID 000189351700054. Pretreatment of organisms with progesterone augments the rate of metabolism and enhances escape. Genotype distribution differed among localities (p<0.0001); Mexico was unique (p<0.05) due to the high proportion of non-VII-1. Join Facebook to connect with Dave Stevens and others you may know. 2011 Kassabaum, Megan C.; David J. Cranford and Erin Stevens Nelson. I am interested in a variety of questions within the broad field of normative political philosophy/theory. We review the structure of the lung surfactant proteins (SP) SP-A and SP-D, and the serum collectins, mannose binding lectins; the binding of these collectins to pathogen associated molecular patterns or ligands on pathogenic fungi; and the effect of collectin binding to opportunistic and primary fungal pathogens on the interaction with host defense cells, which can result in enhancement or inhibition of resistance. Ninety-three adult patients were studied, 48 of these received > or = 6 months therapy and 20 received > or = 1 year. The efficacy of intravenously administered liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome [AmBi]) for the treatment of experimental coccidioidal meningitis was compared with those of oral fluconazole (FLC) and intravenously administered conventional amphotericin B (AMB). videos, Therapy for opportunistic fungal infections: past, present and future. The effect of human sera was further seen when using caspofungin that had lost activity (e.g., by storage) against A. fumigatus at 0.1 microg/ml. IL-6 production in vivo in response to fungal-serum complexes could affect pathogenesis by opposing the host defense modulation by proinflammatory cytokines or by modulating the destructive effects of inflammation on host tissues. Capilla, J., Clemons, K. V., Liu, M., Levine, H. B., Stevens, D. A. There was no significant advantage of one drug over the other for this indication. Pulmonary aspergillosis following bone marrow transplantation carries a mortality of 94%, irrespective of current treatment. Because of possible development of resistance in patient isolates resulting from residence in the abnormal milieu of CF patient airways, or from exposure to antifungals, and considering the possibility of patient-to-patient spread of microbes and reports of elevated resistance to other fungal pathogens, it was important to assay the susceptibility of isolates of Candida and compare that profile to isolates from the community. View details for PubMedID 12975755. Random mating among PS1 isolates, which were distributed across North America, was only detected after partitioning isolates into six geographic regions. A Celebrated West Texas Archaeologist Has Been Firedand No One Will Say Why. Factors associated with a poor prognosis have been defined and therapy is difficult because of the lack of a blood supply. Male CD-1 mice were given different regimens of HKY subcutaneously prior to intravenous challenge with Candida albicans. The rate of defervescence was similar for each regimen (P=0.75). With aspergillosis, predictive clinical correlates have been defined, respiratory tract cultures are highly predictive of invasive disease in the appropriate setting and certain CT scan findings enable early diagnosis. Ancient city of Yaxchilan hidden in the jungle in the borderland of Mexico and Guatemala. View details for Web of Science ID 000180334200005. Because drugs with different mechanisms of action produced this effect, this suggests that it is the result of factors mediated by the cells. The result of collectin binding to opportunistic fungal pathogens (Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Pneumocystis) or primary fungal pathogens (Blastomyces dermatitidis, Coccidioides, Histoplasma capsulatum, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis) on interaction with host defense cells relative to complement fixation, phagocytosis, and stimulation of cytokine/chemokine production is reviewed. In May 2007, 2 patients developed, days apart, bacteremia with an apparently identical nonfermentative Gram-negative rod. In recent years, understanding the role of messenger molecules (cytokines), in coordinating and augmenting cellular immunity has been ascendant. My work has a clear pedagogy of embedded research and practice with postgraduate teacher training qualifications that developed educational models of reflexive learning . The rate of adverse events was similar in the two groups. Kethineni, N., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. Micafungin, a new echinocandin, inhibits fungal cell wall beta-glucan synthesis. Further study by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridization revealed the cultures represented 3 novel species: 1 (H. stevensii sp. Studies on itraconazole delivery and pharmacokinetics in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). AMB was given intraperitoneally (i.p. David Stevens's current partners: David Stevens's wife is Alice Roberts. Preassigned birds were euthanized on days 5 or 10 PI. Animal models are developed and used to study differences in virulence in fungal strains, their biochemical characterization and interaction with host defenses, particularly the role of therapy with recombinant cytokines and other immunomodulators, and preclinical studies of diagnosis. Endobronchial and intracavitary instillation of antifungals or oral itraconazole may be useful for this condition. View details for Web of Science ID 000239417200008. Combined action of micafungin, a new echinocandin, and human phagocytes for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Comparative efficacies of four amphotericin B formulations - Fungizone, amphotec (Amphocil), AmBisome, and Abelcet - against systemic murine aspergillosis, Combination and sequential antifungal therapy for invasive aspergillosis: Review of published in vitro and in vivo interactions and 6281 clinical cases from 1966 to 2001. Clemons, K. V., Gonzalez, G. M., Singh, G., Imai, J., Espiritu, M., Parmar, R., Stevens, D. A. Efficacy of Abelcet alone, or in combination therapy, against experimental central nervous system aspergillosis. Computer Officer Prof Thilo Rehren. Many abundant proteins from the cell wall of A. fumigatus present themselves as possible cross-protective vaccine candidates, due to the high degree of sequence homology to other medically relevant fungal proteins and low homologies to human or murine proteins. These in vitro results demonstrate several immunological deficiencies in cells from young mice and these deficiencies correlate with susceptibility. Hsu, J. L., Ruoss, S. J., Bower, N. D., Lin, M., Holodniy, M., Stevens, D. A. Safety was evaluated on the basis of the occurrence of adverse events. of California, Berkeley; Univ. Two cohorts were studied. No toxicity was noted. In 2003 I co-led aprojectto put current meter moorings in Shag Rocks Passage and undertake a hydrographic survey of the North Scotia Ridge. From 7 diverse geographic areas, 536 isolates obtained over 35 y were placed into 23 RFLP subgroups. There was no apparent relation between dose, time after dose, site of CSF sampling, or concurrent inflammation and CSF ketoconazole concentration. Mannan is a candidate for a cross-protective conjugate fungal vaccine. Non-culture methods include antibody- and antigen-based assays, metabolite detection and molecular identification. Although higher doses could be given, no lipid-based formulation showed consistent superiority over Fungizone or over each other. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.46.6.1704-1713.2002, View details for Web of Science ID 000175662800014. > [????] Mice with genetic immunological deficiency and cytokine gene-specific knockout mice facilitate studies of the roles cells, and cytokines and chemokines, play in host-resistance to Aspergillus. The effect of 3M-003 on killing of Candida was evaluated on mouse (BALB/c) effector cell lineages: monocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. To catch up with our other motherhood content, click here. She joined the Amarna Project in 2000, as nov. View details for Web of Science ID 000173949300004. I welcome doctoral research applications in the following areas; the foundations of liberalism; Rawlsian political philosophy; social justice; political liberalism; anti-perfectionism; just war theory; the philosophy of education; rational choice and religion. After pulmonary infection with conidia, normal males showed progressive infection, whereas normal females restricted proliferation and progressive disease. To further characterize these isolates, a comparison of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns and genetic analysis were done. In contrast to prior reports, this study suggests that human serum acts synergistically with caspofungin to enhance its inhibitory activity in vitro against A. fumigatus. Current pharmacotherapy of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. A rabbit model of meningeal disease, established by intracisternal infection, has proven to model human meningitis well. Calderon, L., WILLIAMS, R., Martinez, M., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A. Efficacy of micafungin alone or in combination against systemic murine aspergillosis. All tested regimens of posaconazole were equivalent to those of amphotericin B and superior in prolonging survival and reducing CFU to those of itraconazole and caspofungin and to vehicle controls. HKY given by an oral route, or by a subcutaneous route with alum as an adjuvant, did not improve survival. Survival and cfu in brain, spinal cord and CSF were determined and histology studied. Abelcet at 4 or 8 mg/kg were equivalent to AmB in reducing cfu from both organs (P > 0.05); AmB was superior to 0.8 mg/kg of Abelcet in the brain only (P < 0.02). Chitin increased 898%, demonstrating a mechanism for paradoxical growth-a rapid shift in the key polymer. Aspergillomas are fungal balls within lung cavities. > present (Patron of the Association of Science and Discovery Centres) and [????] At the simplest level, the clinician must be familiar with the appearance of various fungi in tissue. Beta-D-Glucan levels were similar in both groups for patients without an IFI [AUC(GLUCAN) of 362 and 683 (P=0.36) for groups A and B, respectively]. > present (Science columnist for The Observer newspaper) and 2018 > present (president of Humanists UK) and 2011 > present (patron of Humanists UK) and 2012 > present (Chair of the Birmingham universitys Public Engagement with Science Committee) and [????] Sequencing of approximately 1500 bases of the 16S rRNA gene in both organisms in 3 reference laboratories confirmed, searching against 3 databases, that the organisms were identical and were Halomonas species. Thirty-four cases treated during 1990-2001 with sequential therapy, excluding amphotericin B followed by itraconazole, showed improvement in 68% of cases. Microscopically this was correlated with less growth and stunted malformed hyphae. However, significantly enhanced activity was demonstrated only with AmBi and VCZ in combination. Dexamethasone (DEX) down-regulates production of these cytokines by stimulated bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) and constitutes a risk factor for aspergillosis. In experimental candidiasis, several manipulations of the immune system, via administration of cytokines, gene deletion or antibodies to cytokines, have been shown to significantly affect survival and fungal clearance in vivo. Is this something you feeling strongly about? The lack of demonstration of efficacy in the brain suggests that longer dosing is necessary to cause burden reduction. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.micinf.2003.12.010, View details for Web of Science ID 000220770600006. We have learned the protective moiety is in the cell wall, and proteins, glucan and lipid all seem important. Results showed that the protection induced by mannan is dose-dependent; 12 mg unconjugated mannan alone or > 0.3 mg mannan-BSA consistently enhanced survival (P < 0.05). The brain and spinal cord contained the highest concentrations of fungal DNA. PATHOGENICITY OF SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE IN COMPLEMENT FACTOR-5 DEFICIENT MICE. Aspergillus species are responsible for most cases of fatal mold infections in immunocompromised patients, particularly in those receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplants. to add information, pictures and relationships, join in discussions and get credit for your contributions. Suboptimal dosages of AmBi in combination with MICA, CAS, or VCZ were effective in prolonging survival. C. parapsilosis sensu stricto had significantly higher caspofungin (CAS) and anidulafungin MICs than C. orthopsilosis or C. metapsilosis; C. metapsilosis was least susceptible to fluconazole. Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplants: An international consensus. This is an eminently readable book which is full of sound practical advice. The mean histological scores for AmBi-treated rabbits were lower than those for FLC-treated and control rabbits (P < 0.016 and 0.0005, respectively); the scores for AMB-treated animals were lower than those for the controls (P < 0.0005) but were similar to those for FLC-treated rabbits. A three-compartment pharmacokinetic model best described the data. B. dermatitidis incubated with BALF and washed, plus BAM, stimulated 63% less production of TNF-alpha than did unwashed B. dermatitidis (P < 0.05). ; Univ. View details for Web of Science ID 000167613000005 Sabino, R., Carolino, E., Moss, R. B., Banaei, N., Verissimo, C., Stevens, D. A. Halomonas johnsoniae: review of a medically underappreciated genus of growing human importance. Successful immunizations have been demonstrated in turkeys and mice. In contrast, four of seven controls showed mild to severe meningitis, with arteritis detected in three animals. However, there is substantial controversy concerning optimal diagnostic criteria for these IFIs. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a hypersensitivity disorder that can progress from an acute phase to chronic disease. Brummer, E., Kethineni, N., Stevens, D. A. Efficacy of Abelcet and caspofungin, alone or in combination, against CNS aspergillosis in a murine model. "With just one profound discovery, mankind's entire story could change," so said Megan Fox in . Controls showed progressive disease, whereas animals treated with either dose of either drug showed few clinical signs of infection. Mice treated with AMB either i.p. When CAS was given prophylactically and therapeutically, improved efficacy and cure rate were observed. I am an anthropologist and archaeologist in Western Australia. A 16.5% salt concentration in brain-heart infusion broth, incubated at 35 degrees C for 48-72 hours, then subcultured to agar plates incubated in room air at 35 degrees C, proved optimal for selection and secondary isolation. Murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro could kill Aspergillus fumigatus conidia, and this activity could be suppressed with dexamethasone. It is also active in vitro and in animal models against a number of other filamentous and dimorphic endemic fungi and in animal models of Pneumocystis carinii infection. It describes a range of group problem solving methodologies and illustrates vividly how they can aid modern business. cytokines, chemokines, iNOS, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), that possibly contribute to vasculitis, temporal mRNA expression in brain basilar artery samples and MMP-9 protein in the CSF of male NZW rabbits infected intracisternally with 6.5 x 10(4) arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis were assessed. Recovery from the kidneys showed non-significant reduction of cfu by combinations compared with monotherapies.Each of the drugs tested had significant efficacy against CNS aspergillosis and Abelcet in combination with voriconazole had enhanced efficacy. Oral itraconazole is attractive for continuing therapy in the patient who responds to initial iv therapy (CIII). View details for DOI 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.09.018, View details for Web of Science ID 000310657400011. This easy-to-read presentation articulates how strategic thinking and group problem solving can be exploited on major infrastructure projects., Malcolm Pearson Finally, pure SP-D added to SP-D-/- BALF inhibited TNF-alpha production by BAM-B. The laboratory is, in addition, a clinical reference laboratory for fungal and actinomycete susceptibility testing, and body fluid antifungal drug concentration determinations, for hospitals. On the basis of a review of literature and an international consensus, a set of research-oriented definitions for the IFIs most often seen and studied in immunocompromised patients with cancer is proposed. In general, posaconazole therapy was well tolerated, with 12 of 20 patients reporting adverse events that were possibly or probably related to treatment. Human leukocyte antigen A1 locus was found significantly more frequently among patients colonized with Aspergillus than among patients with IPA (P Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) inhibited germlings by 53%. [1][4], In 1882, before official appointment as Honorary Curator, Stevens recorded The Bland Collection, a large eclectic collection, donated by Horatio Bland, merchant and artefact collector. View details for DOI 10.3109/13693780903117473, View details for Web of Science ID 000274739900002. View details for DOI 10.1128/JCM.02151-09, View details for Web of Science ID 000277356600025. Fluconazole at 10 mg/kg did not reduce the fungal burden in secondary sites, the lungs and kidneys, whereas this itraconazole dose was more effective in clearing the fungi from both organs (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). #ScienceGrrl Speed Mentoring: Who championed you? At 0.01 and 0.05 microg ml(-1) of VCZ, G-CSF or GM-CSF enhanced PMN killing to 92% and 93% or 87% and 94%, respectively. Alicia Stevens. Research Group, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose; Div. Clinical aspergillosis for basic scientists, Conventional or molecular measurement of Aspergillus load, Molecular epidemiology of global Candida dubliniensis isolates utilizing genomic-wide, co-dominant, PCR-based markers for strain delineation. View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-539-8_41. The effect of trypanosomiasis on human cardiac stem cells is also being explored (in collaboration with Cardiovascular Medicine at Stanford).Current efforts concern study of a model of respiratory tree aspergillosis, to understand the predilection of lung transplant patients to invasive disease (in collaboration with the Div. Space-X continues to reach for the stars. Stevens, Nathan E. 2009 Archaeology is for the Living. With the development of these models, studies of pathogenesis, host response, and therapy are possible. Human meningitis well longer dosing is necessary to cause burden reduction, days apart, bacteremia with an identical. J., Clemons, K. V., Liu, M., Levine, H. B., Stevens lived Reading... Candidate for a cross-protective conjugate fungal vaccine identical nonfermentative Gram-negative rod that longer dosing is to. ; s wife is Alice Roberts, days apart, bacteremia with an apparently identical nonfermentative Gram-negative.. 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