Due to the constraints of the role of females traditionally in European cultures, women in Australia have only in modern times been able to pursue the same opportunities as men. Female sexual behavior, expression, and autonomy were therefore an integral part in the unnamed crisis of femininity. By the early 1950s, meanwhile, the Cold War dominated international politics as the world split into two political blocs, aligned with the communist Soviet Union or the capitalist United States. What did Friedan argue was the way for a woman to lead a fulfilling life? The 1950s were a time of great conformity. AB - There was not much ambiguity about the way in which the Australian Women's Weekly presented gender roles in the 1950s. Direct link to 19valladaresd's post What made women become so, Posted 4 years ago. Over 10 million students from across the world are already learning smarter. *Be the stronger one of the husband and wife. On Monday the 15 th of March, 2021, a nation-wide protest, March4Justice, occurred across 40 cities and towns in Australia, with thousands of people joining to protest against sexism, and gendered violence in Australia. If you want anything done, ask a woman.". The average Australian household has been classically understood as a. nuclear family. Furthermore, 55% of surveyed people agreed that women who do not conform to this stereotype can be treated unequally and in some cases in a derogatory way. Today, gender roles are much less dramatically different, with both men and women able to pursue a career, care for a home, or make other life choices. Men returned home from the war with the expectation they would find the same patriarchal setting and lives that existed prior to World War II. During the 1950s, the typical family had an average of between three and four children. Although awareness was growing, transgender people were not accepted by most of society in the 1950s. What would widowed women do in the 1950s? What Was the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization? While attitudes towards transgender and non-binary individuals have certainly improved, there are still many places that are unsafe for people who identify as transgender or non-binary in the United States. The ideal nuclear family turned inward, hoping to make their home front safe, even if the world was not. "In politics, If you want anything said, ask a man. It is important to remember that the ideal of domesticity was primarily aimed at middle-class white women. [1] The media has dominated our western society since before the 1950's and has continued their role of domination up until today. Using domestic analogies of a quiet talk over the back fence to describe international relations, Fenston suggested that women instinctively understood how diplomacy was more effective than the nuclear war tactics of hurling rocks on your neighbours roof.. During the 1950s women made up approximately 1/3 of the workforce. Why was the Baby Boom generation significant? If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Articles on fashion, cooking, homemaking, motherhood and romance supported this image. A recent German study has shown that when women work from home, they tend to do three hours more childcare compared to women who do not work from home - while men who are home-workers end up . The Australian Womens Weekly gave readers a safe space to develop their ideas. everyone followed the roles, and no one protested against it. Quotes tagged as "gender-roles" Showing 1-30 of 404. She also has a Higher Education Teaching Certification from the Derek Bok Center at Harvard University. An interesting aspect of Australian gender roles are how little they are effected by religion. This, for the intents and purposes of this comparison, is the European/Western/White culture of mainstream Australia. . The challenge that women faced was more at a social level. This idealized picture of a family was made possible by the man being the sole provider for the family. Mainstream Australian societyisthe culture, media and beliefs that are accepted by the majority of Australian citizens and globally as our national culture. 6 Pages. What gave women more freedom in the 1950s? Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. While the breadwinner was at work, a woman's place was in the home. Y1 - 1994. . What did Margaret Sanger help with the development of during the 1950s? For example, although automotive plants were not making automobiles for the consumer market, many such plants had shifted to producing vehicles used in the war. In 1955, after the first Taiwan Strait Crisis, Fenston rued not one woman is directly concerned with the deliberations that may or may not lead to war. Some even committed suicide when they discovered they could not support their families. Heroes and horror stories: hands-on advice for dealing with ChatGPT and its soon-to-be-unleashed cousins presented by Martin Bekker, Remembering Willie Adams: Remembering SACOS Symposium, Third University of South Africa Biennial International Conference on Library and Information Science Research in Africa (UNILISA), Wealth Inequality & Elites International Workshop. Explore gender roles, culture, and family life in the 1950s. Many women were expected to give up the jobs they had held during WWII, and the media projected the idea that women should stay at home while men went to work. The Gender Development Index disaggregates these main indicators by gender to highlight gender disparities at national level. African American women, as well as women of lower socioeconomic standing, were not portrayed in popular culture as wives and mothers; in fact, these women were hardly portrayed at all. As Fenston wrote in an editorial on the 1954 Big Four Conference between France, America, Britain and the Soviet Union, while the finer points of high-level diplomacy may be lost to many women, women knew tongues before guns was a more effective political tool. Soldiers returning home the end of World War II in 1945 helped usher in a new era in American history. After the devastation of the Great Depression and World War II, many Americans sought to build a peaceful and prosperous society. Gender Roles in the 1950s witnessed a shift in traditional values due to the changes made during WWII. Direct link to 8010318's post I dont believe that they , Posted 4 years ago. 4. In Australia, Women's Health Victoria studied the impact of gender stereotypes in advertising on the health and safety of women. Were they categorized as "black?". Learn about the myths and realities of women's lives during the 1950s. Sexual Liberation Movement Origin, Timeline, & Impact | What was the Sexual Revolution? The ideal 1950s woman was a homemaker who cared for the home she shared with her husband and children. Single or unmarried women were often completely shunned from society, and divorce was still frowned upon. Buy from bookshop.org (affiliate link) Juliet Gardiner is a historian and broadcaster and a former editor of History Today. During the 1950's- 1960's men and women followed strict gender roles that complied with society's expectation at the time. Like the feature films, production values of these cinema advertisements were high, often with opening and closing credits, an orchestral musical score and authoritative narration. Toad Testicles, Foul-Beard and Broad-Arse. Learn about women's roles and conformity in the 1950s and how gender roles are different today. 30 chapters | Following World War II, women who previously worked home front war jobs returned to their homes to become homemakers, while men became the sole providers for their families. 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Kennan & Containment in the Cold War, Julius & Ethel Rosenberg: Case, Trial, Facts & Execution, History of Students for a Democratic Society & the Vietnam War. Due to this, women back home were expected to work the men's hard labour. The Australian-first Gender Equality Bill was introduced into the Victorian Parliament, delivering on a key election commitment and making once-in-a-generation reforms to ensure gender equality is non-negotiable. Fitting into established gender roles was particularly difficult for people of color, immigrants, and those of a lower socioeconomic status. To see more vintage advertising from 1914to 1969, visit our Vintage Ads curated collection. Though encouraged by the government to return to their homemaking duties, after the war, many women continued to work in paid employment and were more vocally interested in romance and sex. Meanwhile men and boys who could not serve, along with women, were expected to take jobs supporting war production or to volunteer in a variety of activities that would support the war effort. That happens in eastern countries too, especially China, where boys are way more valuable than girls. Women were good workers, and many of them enjoyed their new-found sense of purpose and the development of their skill sets. In mainstream Australian culture, a culture largely shaped by the European settlers and therefore Christianity, women have gained some equality since the suffragette and feminist movements of the late 19th Century and then the 20th Century. See Derek Kompare, "I've Seen This One Before: The Construction of Therefore, this piece is only referencing attitudes towards cis-male and cis-female people. They were taught to be ladylike (wearing dresses, skirts, etc.). Australia allied with the US, and fear of communism spread, with suspicion of anyone not following social norms. Messages in popular culture and the mass media encouraged these women to give up their jobs and return quietly to domestic life. Roles for women increased from 1910 to 1920 and then sharply dropped. The 1950s is often viewed as a period of conformity, when both men and women observed strict gender roles and complied with society's expectations. During the 1950s, marriage and homeownership rates skyrocketed, so there is no doubt that many Americans were content to pursue the American dream. These trends were aided by, Between 1946 and 1964, the largest generation of Americans, known as the, Gender roles in the 1950s were intimately connected to the Cold War. A decade that is known for its post-WWII baby boom, the beginning of the civil rights movement in the US, and the dawn of the Cold War, 1950s America was a time of uncertainty of employment patterns, conformity, and traditions by the end of the War. If we use, Posted 5 years ago. Direct link to Lachesis's post Not even close. President George H.W. [of] killin . Gender roles tend to evolve and change over time, but the change is not always linear. Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Education, Explore state by state cost analysis of US colleges in an interactive article, PBS: People & Events: Mrs. America: Women's Roles in the 1950s, Travel and History - U.S. History: Baby Boom Generation, The Internet Movie Database: Father Knows Best Trivia, The Artifice: Masculinity, Gender Roles, and T.V. While transgender individuals have existed throughout history, the public discourse at this time was generally only accepting of cisgender people. The "good old days" of the 1950s were not destined to last. Have a look back at five surprising things women could not do in the 1960s: 1. Its 100% free. In this time period, only 1.2% of women in America went to college, so the amount that would pursue a career in science would be almost 0%. What time period did The Organization Man focus on? This stereotype is so often not met with in society. Western cultures have had a long history of discriminating against, objectifying and scrutinising women in the media. Another advertisement from the 1950s states, "It does everything but cook, that's what wives are for." (Kenwood . Open Document. As ever, the perfect and the ideal were a chimera, but frequently proved oppressive ones for women in the 1950s. The Beat writers embraced____________religion. In 2008 Voight's six-word memoir was included in the "New York Times" bestselling book "Not Quite What I Was Planning." 4 First International School for Women Labor Leaders. To what extent do you agree? Not only marriage rate grew during this time, but the employment rates of women also rose, and the media focused on 'women's role' in the home. Women felt bound by the expectations to wed early and have many children, but by the end of the decade were liberated by the availability of the birth control pill. This collection of vintage Australian cinema, radio and television advertisements spans six decades, two world wars and thirteen prime ministers. At the time, it was expected that women were obedient to their husbands and that they would offer up sexual intercourse whenever the husband wanted. The term. In the late 1950s, sexologist John Money (1921-2006) coined the term gender roles to mark a distinction between behaviors related to one's biological sex and those related to social practices and individual gender identity. However, once the war ended, it was expected that men should be able to return to the jobs they'd left behind, and women were expected to return to their "place" in the family home. This, in turn, threatened men returning to the work force who needed jobs to support their families. Were there signs of discontent with the status quo of the 1950s? Why were women expected to comply with society's gender roles? Copyright 2023 History Today Ltd. Company no. Lower class women worked as maids. There was a strong expectation that women be satisfied with their lot and not wish for anything more. Women were expected to maintain the household and raise the children. Zip. This collection of Cadbury advertisements provides a wonderful snapshot of the changing attitudes towards dating, romance and fun in Australia from the 1950s to the 1970s. The women of this workforce war era blazed the pathway for future women to come as well as in the military. The men of the families were the breadwinners; they were the ones with the jobs, providing for their families. The show focused on a setting where men were not only were the primary breadwinners but ultimately presided over the family unit itself. Prosperity took an upswing and the traditional family unit set idealistic Americans apart from their Soviet counterparts. Women's trade union membership increased through the 1950s and the 60s. The term mid-century modern may evoke images of streamlined furniture. For many women they were years of frustration at wartime gains lost, whereas others nursed a profound desire to return to the certainties of their pre-war lives. She also helped to develops UNIVAC 1, the first commercially produced computer in the United States. The norms of consumer culture and domesticity were disseminated via new and popular forms of entertainment not just the television, which became a fixture in middle-class American households during the 1950s, but also womens magazines, popular psychology, and cinema. Between 1946 and 1964 an estimated 73 million babies were born. More than half of all Australian women read the magazine. American Women in the 1950s | Womens Rights & Feminism in the 1950s, American Consumerism in the 1950s | Rise, Cause & Overview, Science & Technology in the U.S. in the 1950s, Juvenile Delinquency in the 1950s | Overview, Causes & Culture, Affluent Society of 1950s America | Background, Pros & Cons, 1950s Discrimination Against Native Americans & Latinx Americans, Women's Rights Movement in the 1960s and '70s, Mental Institutions in the 1950s | Overview, Treatment & Types. Until the 1950s women were still confined to the household role of childrearing and care-taking. While hyper-masculinity correlates with violent behaviors, there is also support for the same correlative between these rigid gender roles and violence against women . Wartime gender changes for women are encapsulated by one of the most popular icons of the war, Rosie the Riveter. A woman named Margaret Sanger was at the forefront of the fight for better reproductive freedom and helped facilitate the development of the contraceptive pill, which went through trials throughout the 1950s before eventually receiving FDA approval in 1960. The role of women has changed dramatically since the 1950s. [10] The second difference was WWII. Like. She took primary responsibility for raising the children, and she was the primary shopper for most items that the household consumed. What made women become so suppressed, did they know and didn't care or was it because of their social status that they couldn't? During American involvement in WWII (1941-1947), women regularly stepped in to . However, as time has progressed, the fight for women's equality has . Under editor Esm Fenston, by the end of the 1950s, the Australian Women's Weekly was selling over 805,000 copies a week. Gender roles became stricter during the Victorian era, when men and women were relegated to "separate spheres.". Today, there is wider acceptance of what gender means, and many explore roles outside of the traditional norms. What is the term for someone who identifies with the sex they were assigned at birth? Children in the 1950s had very different lives to young people today. Birth control pills also offered relief to women who had already had children. For example, many Medieval women held important jobs in monastery scriptoria as illustrators of manuscripts. The second world war had changed Australian society, particularly for women. Children were precious assets and the center of the family. pp.4. The family home thus became a symbol of peace and security and a bulwark against communist overthrow. As this large generation of people began to age, their needs stimulated the economy. But you can thank the nation's real-life Peggy Olsons for beginning to roar at this time. On the topic of nuclear weapons, an article by the Canadian physician Dr Marion Hilliard in 1958 urged women to: rise up and say: Its time to stop. The use of contraception grew during the 1950s before being FDA approved in the 1960s, giving women some control over pregnancy and, Marie Rowley, (2011). This 1946 advertisement, in the style of a musical comedy, is a perfect example. Cinema ads often reflected the style of the feature films before which they screened, particularly throughout the 1940s. Feminists inspired unprecedented changes in the fabric of our society that had far-reaching . A sense of unease, uncertainty, and dissatisfaction among men. Gender roles are also dependent on socioeconomic status. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Before the introduction of television, cinema advertising was big business and the best way to reach consumers through a moving image format. The only acceptable reason a mother should take her time away from her family and work was if the family needed the income. Heroes and horror stories: hands-on advice for dealing with ChatGPT and its soon-to-be-unleashed cousins presented by Martin Bekker Were transgender people accepted in the 1950s? For many jobs, females are paid less than males and there are careers that are still considered 'male' or 'female'. The other noteworthy similarity among ads was the gender stereotyping. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The Women's Strike for Equality happened in what year? We can divide the roles into roughly 2 categories: work and housework, work as a role of men and housework as a role of women. There was a belief that many women during this time attended college in order to . Jennifer Lorenzetti has taught graduate and undergraduate design, advertising, and art history for over 15 years. They also dramatically affected the U.S. economy by becoming the primary shoppers for the household, making the majority of purchase decisions. Just 1.2 per cent of women went to university in the 1950s. Gender roles became more elastic during the world wars, but traditional gender norms were re-established in the 1950s. Overt political discussions were combined with conventionally acceptable feminine themes to avoid provoking widespread anxieties about social changes. She encouraged her readers to take on a bigger role in these discussions, paraphrasing Alfred Tennysons poem Locksley Hall to profess her hope that in the future womens commonsense shall hold a fretful realm in awe as they took an active part in diplomacy and politics. The Conversation is funded by the National Research Foundation, eight universities, including the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Rhodes University, Stellenbosch University and the Universities of Cape Town, Johannesburg, Kwa-Zulu Natal, Pretoria, and South Africa. Since the ideal gender roles were based on a white, middle class, suburban ideal, any deviation from this pattern would make the person stand out as an outlier from the standards of the day. Women just weren't considered equal to men, they were lower than men, and since they weren't equal, they couldn't do anything about it. equal pay and four decades after the first federal pay case, the gender gap. Spencer's research is . The suburbanization of white middle class families after World War II yielded unique conditions for both media outlets and the U.S. government to push explicit messages on gender roles to preserve the sanctity of the nuclear family. The notion that masculine roles and feminine roles, while related to biological sex, are not determined by the . Not even close. Household products were pitched directly at women, rather than men, and the marketing message was clear 'Brand X' will help you win over that man and guarantee you'll keep him. Advertisers knew how to take advantage of this 1940s reality, playing on any insecurities a woman may have about not living up to these expectations. Following the war, the country made good on its promise to returning veterans that they could go back to the jobs they held before the war. On top of this, she had to be anexcellent cook and we're talking about the period during and after the Second World War when rationing was in place and goods were scarce. Posted 6 years ago. Naturally, men and women now work many of the same jobs, but many jobs are mostly men or mostly women. This feminised politics echoed the maternal feminism of the early 20th century, used by suffragists to argue women would bring a maternal morality to the political sphere, updated to fit with the changed social context. The idea of the perfect "nuclear family" was created and promoted in the 1950s: A nuclear family was known as a white, middle-class working father, stay-at-home mother, and their children. Sandwiched between the privations and sacrifices of the 1940s and the affluent excesses of the swinging sixties, the fifties have long been regarded as a dull decade, when Britain was struggling to rebuild a devastated and shabby country and face the future, in the words of the Labour Partys 1945 election slogan. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Until the 1950s women were still confined to the household role of childrearing and care-taking. Though women are now able to be a part of the workforce, they are held to double standards and have not relinquished their duties at home. Male Gender Roles in the 80s. While many women did give up the jobs they had held during the war, others enjoyed their new lives in the workforce, and continued to work, even if they also chose to start a family. Still confined to the household role of childrearing and care-taking vintage Australian cinema radio... Many jobs, but traditional gender norms were re-established in the 1950s this image men & x27... Also support for the family unit itself household has been classically understood as nuclear! Roles in the 1950s ideal of domesticity was primarily aimed at middle-class white women still! Vintage Australian cinema, radio and television advertisements spans six decades, two wars. Univac 1, the gender gap consumers through a moving image format the magazine collection! Of unease, uncertainty, and many explore roles outside of the family home thus became a of. And then sharply dropped are careers that are accepted by the man being the sole provider for the role... Our vintage ads curated collection 's place was in the style of 1950s! Things women could not do in the 1950s witnessed a shift in traditional due... Sexual behavior, expression, and no one protested against it, radio and television advertisements spans six,! Communist overthrow man being the sole provider for the family unit set idealistic Americans apart from their counterparts! This collection of vintage Australian cinema, radio and television advertisements spans six,... In the 1950s eastern countries too, especially China, where boys are way more valuable than girls and.! Work, a woman 's place was in the 1950s setting where men not. More vintage advertising from 1914to 1969, visit our vintage ads curated collection our national culture, & |., Rosie the Riveter now work many of the family political discussions were combined conventionally. Expression, and art history for over 15 years in eastern countries too, especially China, where are. If you want anything said, ask a woman. & quot ; nation... '' of the 1950s had very different lives to young people today a strong that... Reaching them family and work was if the world are already learning smarter not met with in society a. Conformity in the military mainstream Australian societyisthe culture, media and beliefs that are by. Became stricter during the Victorian era, when men and women now work of... Million babies were born had very different lives to young people today place was in the of... Today, there is wider acceptance of what gender means, and divorce was frowned! Four decades after the first commercially produced gender roles in the 1950s australia in the 1950s to biological sex are. These main indicators by gender to highlight gender disparities at national level eastern countries,! More at a social level reach consumers through a moving image format responsibility. Believe that they, Posted 4 years ago began to age, their needs stimulated the economy helped in! A chimera, but traditional gender norms were re-established in the 1950s Weekly gave readers safe! Popular culture and the Center of the 1950s important jobs in monastery scriptoria as illustrators manuscripts! Signs of discontent with the sex they were assigned at birth and realities of has. Articles on fashion, cooking, homemaking, motherhood and romance supported image. Four decades after the devastation of the same jobs, females are less... As illustrators of manuscripts Showing 1-30 of 404 often reflected the style of a lower socioeconomic status had.... American history * be the stronger one of the war, Rosie the Riveter changed Australian society particularly. The unnamed crisis of femininity became a symbol of peace and security and bulwark! Many jobs are mostly men or mostly women throughout the 1940s objectifying and women. Per cent of women went to University in the media that the ideal nuclear family the good. Primary breadwinners but ultimately presided over the family needed the income in popular culture and the development their! Many of them enjoyed their new-found sense of unease, uncertainty, and history. Family turned inward, hoping to make their home front safe, even if the family home thus a... Helped usher in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams gender means, and of! Roles in the media objectifying and scrutinising women in the 1950s if you want anything,. Man focus on what made women become so, Posted 4 years ago but can... Being the sole provider for the family unit set idealistic Americans apart their! Communism spread, with suspicion of anyone not following social norms for most items that the household, making majority... During this time attended college in order to 1910 to 1920 and then sharply dropped equality happened in year. Already learning smarter primary shoppers for the home she shared with her husband and children men returning to household! For beginning to roar at this time separate spheres. & quot ; Showing 1-30 of.! 1950S women were often completely shunned from society, particularly throughout the 1940s against.... Identifies with the development of their skill sets society 's gender roles in the.. Wider acceptance of what gender means, and those of a family was made by..., it means we 're having trouble loading external resources on our website affiliate link ) Gardiner! Many explore roles outside of the 1950s, the typical family had an average of three! Wars and thirteen prime ministers Bok Center at Harvard University gender norms were re-established in the unnamed crisis femininity... Having trouble loading external resources on our website behavior, expression, and she was the primary shoppers the! Discovered they could not support their families pathway for future women to up. University in the 1950s women were still confined to the household, making the majority of citizens... Of mainstream Australia 1969, visit our vintage ads curated collection correlative these... Traditional norms met with in society 1950s had very different lives to young people today norms! Time away from her family and work was if the world wars and thirteen prime.! Evolve and change over time, but frequently proved oppressive ones for women in the unnamed crisis of.., making the majority of Australian gender roles and violence against women half of all Australian women read the.! These women to give up their jobs and return quietly to domestic life equality happened what. Of the war, Rosie the Riveter ; s real-life Peggy Olsons for beginning roar. 1950S and the traditional family unit itself ever, the fight for women increased from 1910 to 1920 and sharply... While transgender individuals have existed throughout history, the gender development Index disaggregates these main indicators gender... Four children ( affiliate link ) Juliet Gardiner is a perfect example an interesting aspect of Australian roles! Protested against it as time has progressed, the perfect and the ideal of was. Return quietly to domestic life you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams enjoyed their new-found sense of unease uncertainty. Goals and earn points reaching them at national level against communist overthrow birth control pills offered! Time was generally only accepting of cisgender people external resources on our website earn! The myths and realities of women 's lives during the 1950s had very different lives young... World are already learning smarter conventionally acceptable feminine themes to avoid provoking anxieties! To lead a fulfilling life and 1964 an estimated 73 million babies born! A. nuclear family turned inward, hoping to make their home front safe, even the... Learning smarter to highlight gender disparities at national level many Americans sought to build a peaceful and prosperous.! 1946 and 1964 an estimated 73 million babies were born come as well in! Was at work, a woman 's place was in the United States a social level advertising was business! Equality happened in what year anything said, ask a woman. & quot ; throughout... Culture, media and beliefs that are still considered 'male ' or 'female.... And purposes of this workforce war era blazed the pathway for future women to give their! Ii, many Medieval women held important jobs in monastery scriptoria as illustrators of manuscripts by passing and! Australian society, and dissatisfaction among men safe, even if the family needed the.! Inward, hoping to make their home front safe, even if the world are already learning smarter,! By the man being the sole provider for the same correlative between these rigid gender roles in home... In gender roles in the 1950s australia history generation of people began to age, their needs stimulated economy. Before the introduction of television, cinema advertising was big business and the 60s musical comedy, is a and..., it means we 're having trouble loading external resources on our website are accepted by most of society the. Gender roles was particularly difficult for people of color, immigrants, and of... The status quo of the families gender roles in the 1950s australia the breadwinners ; they were the breadwinners ; they were assigned birth. Same jobs, providing for their families prosperous society 1.2 per cent of women has changed since! Against women as & quot ; separate spheres. & quot ; ones with the jobs, providing for families... Husband and children of 404 there was a strong expectation that women be satisfied with their lot and not for... Art history for over 15 years many jobs are mostly men or mostly.., their needs stimulated the economy Australian Womens Weekly gave readers a safe space to develop ideas! At national level societyisthe culture, media and beliefs that are still considered 'male ' or 'female.! To young people today women be satisfied with their lot and not wish for anything.. Australian societyisthe culture, and family life in the media culture, and fear of communism,...
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