However, there are also some issues related to the construction of dams. The electricity generated by dams is in little danger of long-term dissipation. Water Productivity, Water Quality, Water Scarcity. Storing of waste products (Tailing Dams) 11. It uses a free resource. However, pressure from environmental and human rights groups have often halted this process. The Arabs who live in the marshes were seen as security threats by Saddam Hussein, who accused them of sheltering Shiite rebels. Dams have a variety of purposes, including energy generation, irrigation purposes, the creation of habitats for the local flora and fauna or the construction of reservoirs for leisure activities. The first is a nineteenth century dispute between the United States and Mexico over the water of the Rio Grande, which resulted in the production of the Harmon Doctrine. For instance, transportation on waterways has been a quite important tool to carry around all kinds of goods a few decades ago. The town, which sits on the banks of the Tigris River in southeast Turkey, will be inundated as part of the construction of the Ilisu Dam, which will produce power for the region. [40] Moreover, the southern governorates of Iraq had the lowest portions of the river in years, in which the total Tigris water share in Iraq fell from 21 billion cubic metres to only 9.7 billion cubic metres instead. Hydropower dams flood large areas, force people to relocate, threaten freshwater biodiversity, disrupt subsistence fisheries, and leave rivers dry substantially affecting the ecosystem. [26], In 2014, the dam, as well as others in southeast Turkey such as the Silvan Dam, became a prime target of Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) militants after peace talks collapsed with the government. advantages and disadvantages of hydropower, lead to a significant ecological imbalance, water will become a quite scarce resource, Personal Brand vs. Corporate Brand: 24 Key Pros & Cons, 24 Key Pros & Cons Of Investing In (Retro) Video Games, 34 Major Pros & Cons Of Investing In Comic Books, Gold Bars vs. Gold Coins: 23 Precious Pros & Cons, 31 Cool Pros & Cons Of Owning A Classic Car, 24 Key Pros & Cons Of Unemployment Benefits, 32 Key Pros & Cons Of Investing In Trading Cards, 30 Precious Pros & Cons Of Investing In Art, Reservoir may be used for leisure activities. Risk of Flood. For instance, if too many fishes are no longer able to reproduce since they are no longer be able to travel to their mating area, chances are that their prey will explode in population, which may in turn significantly decrease water quality. Advantages of hydropower 1. For instance, many people in our nowadays society suffer from high stress levels since they have a quite demanding job and have to work long hours while also having to take care of their kids. The Ilisu Dam is located on the Tigris River within Turkish borders with a catchment area of 35,517km 2. Bridge, Pro Ilisu
The planned Ilisu dam resevoir area, up to 136 km long and including Hasankeyf, is situated in the Tigris valley, which consists of deep canyons with many banks and wonderful visual beauties. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'environmental_conscience_com-box-3','ezslot_1',614,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-box-3-0');Dams are a kind of barrier which aims to restrict or stop the natural flow of water. Therefore, depending on the region and the energy production potential, the construction of dams may also not make too much sense from an economic perspective. Its 26 hydropower turbines produce more than . What are the pros and cons of building dams? Subscribe to the Global Water Blog e-newsletter. The originally planned Mosul Dam watershed (with an area of 54 900 km 2 ) has . In this article, the pros and cons of dams are examined. The Turkish government advertised the entire project as a way for Turkey to achieve greater energy independence. [2][14][15][16], Beginning in 1954 the Turkish government surveyed 53 kilometres (33mi) of the Tigris river downstream of Diyarbakr with the aim of identifying suitable locations for a hydroelectric power plant at an elevation below 550 metres (1,800ft). 0000000616 00000 n
The dam was already in bad shape due to erosion and the fact that it was built on soluble rock. Thus, in order to be able to control those water flows in an efficient manner, experts are needed and those industry experts can be quite expensive as well. Dam construction must be started when river levels are low. The government is charging them more for the new houses than it is compensating them for the loss of their current homes and farms, so they will be forced to take on debt in the move. 1) Provides Help to Retain our Water Supply. 65 km from the border with Syria and Iraq. It's flexible 5. Canto is a digital asset management (DAM) software. Several days later a worker was killed in his home by suspected PKK militants. The project is extremely controversial for a variety of political, social, environmental, economic, and archeological reasons. Farmers have to tilt their fields and ensure their water supply in order to assure the optimal growth of their crops and to maximize their yields. The Ilisu Dam would also prove to be an important source for domestic energy production. After getting to know the basics, lets move on to the actual topic; the pros and cons of a dam. Generating 1,200 megawatts of electricity, it's Turkey's fourth largest dam in terms of power generation. These experts may also be quite rare and municipalities may have a hard time finding the right staff to operate those dams, especially in regions where education levels are rather low. In this article, the pros and cons of dams are examined. Aswan High Dam Pros and Cons. Through the construction of dams, also the water flows are often slowed down, which in turn contributes to higher contamination with algae. For instance, while some villages may profit since they will have better access to water, others will suffer since the water flows have been changed and they might no longer have access to their river at all. Water is a transient and finite resource. An important part of electricity. Thus, the decision whether the construction of a dam is reasonable or not should be made on an individual basis in order to maximize the benefits of as many people as possible. The dam will have an overflow spillway on its right bank which will be controlled by eight radial gates which will pour into four chutes before the water reaches a plunge pool. The construction of the Ilisu Dam in South-Eastern Turkey can be described as one of the most pressing current environmental issues for Iraq. It will submerge 313 square kilometres of land, an area the size of Malta.5 Figure 1: The ilisu Dam siTe Ilisu Dam site The Ilisu Dam, built upstream from the existing Mosul Dam in Iraq, has drained most of the Mosul Dam catchment area. In July 2019, all the required permissions were granted and water collection in the dam commenced. [9], DSI has started testing 2 turbines for energy production after completing the spillway testing. If dams have both costs and benefits, how should we decide when a dam should be built? if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'environmental_conscience_com-narrow-sky-1','ezslot_17',197,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-narrow-sky-1-0'); Even though the chances for dam breaks are rather low in our current age, there had been dam breaks in the past and we should be aware of this con of dams in order to make profound decisions whether dams should be built in a specific area or not. 0000002887 00000 n
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Web site of the Campaigne Ilisu, Initiative
According to the complainant, the construction will destroy key breeding, feeding and foraging grounds as well as stopover and roosting grounds of migratory species protected under Appendix II of the Bern Convention. Pros: 1. Fortunately, that didnt happen, and an Italian firm is now working to renovate the dam and prevent it from collapsing due to natural stresses. In 2006, the Turkish government estimated that 61,620 people would be "physically or economically displaced". What are the pros and cons of building a dam? Grand Rapids is one of many communities in Michigan where aging dams offer opportunities for habitat enhancement. Since the U.S. invasion, the marshes have been making a slow recovery, but the Ilisu Dam will place their survival in jeopardy once more, according to environmental scientists. Please note that all the information I provide on this website is to my best knowledge. It would have hamstrung the Iraqi government and allowed the Islamic State to seize even more territory. At a normal elevation of 525m (1,722ft) above sea level, the reservoir surface area will cover 313km2 (121sqmi). Controlling waterways. Excavations for the main body of the dam began in May 2011 and the first loads of fill were laid in January 2012. on the Ilisu Dam, written by Keith Parkins, http://homepage.univie.ac.at/thomas.schmidinger/php/texte/tuerkei_ilisu_kultur.pdf. Ilisu, in particular, will support a 1,200 MW power station (about 1.5 percent of Turkeys total power-generating capacity). From the previous analysis, it has become clear that there are many upsides related to dams and that they can be quite important and useful in certain regions. The Ilisu Dam, completed as part of Turkey's Gneydou Anadolu Projesi (Southeasternanatolian Development Project or GAP for short in Turkish) in 2019, has faced heavy criticism from both local as well as international observers and downstream countries on the Tigris. Beginning and Reasons. What is advantage and disadvantage of dam? For instance, some dams like the Hoover Dam in the US or the Three Gorges Dam in China are visited by millions of tourists every year. Since a group of European backers withdrew funding in July, the fate of the controversial Ilisu dam - and that of the surrounding, mostly Kurdish communities in southeastern Turkey - has been in limbo. Efficient storage of water: Dams are more efficient in the storage of rainwater which can later be used to supply water to the neighboring areas during drought. Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. Hydropower Pros and Cons. The dam's reservoir will have a capacity of 10,400,000,000m3 (8,431,417acreft), of which 7,460,000,000m3 (6,050,000acreft) will be active (or live, useful) storage and 2,950,000,000m3 (2,390,000acreft) will be inactive (dead) storage. 29 Crucial Pros & Cons of Dams 2022-10-28 Pros and cons of dams Rating: 5,8/10 1889 reviews Dams are structures that are built across rivers or other bodies of water in order to block the flow of water and create a reservoir behind the dam. 4. Environment protection 13. Subscribe 8.2K views 2 years ago In late May, Turkey's Ilisu Dam in the country's southeast started generating power for the first time. Charlottesville, Virginia 22903 USA, +1-434-924-3900
The Ilisu Dam has spurred international controversy since its inception with the Southeastern Anatolia Project, known in Turkey as GAP. Did people face water challenges before, say, under Saddam Hussein?
Is it the case that the dam is the only reason for their water challenges? Built during the great depression. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'environmental_conscience_com-leader-3','ezslot_12',193,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-leader-3-0'); This not only increases the popularity of a whole region, it also leads to plenty of income for the local economy since tourists will have to sleep in hotels and eat in restaurants. The Ilisu Dam is 440 feet high and a mile wide. How hydroelectric energy works. This form of renewable energy is pretty self explanatory. In June 2009, after failing to meet the standards, the European firms officially cut the funding for the Ilsu Dam Project. Hydropower facilities support other uses Cons of hydroelectric power 1. [19], There was little movement on the project for more than 15 years until the dam was added to the State Hydraulic Works' formal construction program in 1997 or 1998. 0
While the power source itself is carbon dioxide-free, building dams along a river can have consequences for the native fish species. The Ilisu dam has a designed capacity of However, also the maintenance and supervision related to dams can be significant. Since water is crucial for all life on earth, the supply of sufficient amounts of water is crucial for a civilization to sustain itself. The most terrifying threat the Islamic State posed to the region in terms of water security was when it briefly took over Iraqs Mosul Dam, the largest hydroelectric dam on the Tigris River, for ten days in 2014. %%EOF
The fate of the Mesopotamian Marshes of Iraq provides us with a case study on the functional deficits of the existing body of international water law in managing conflict over transboundary watercourses. to the
[9], Ilisu Dam has attained water level of 513m on 19 April 2020, and it is less than 12m from the maximum conservation level of 525m, according to CNN Trk citing the State Hydraulic Works (DSI) by an AA correspondent. It is eco-friendly. Ms. Thaman is an attorney and teacher in California. A 110m (361ft) long temporary bridge was constructed upstream of the dam site which is supported by 30 sections of steel pipe. The main use of hydropower is in hydroelectric generators. Archeologists are still discovering new artifacts in the town the most recent Neolithic settlement was unearthed in September and they estimate that most of Hasankeyfs archeological sites will be flooded before they can be excavated. Historical Background Of Teenage Pregnancy (Essay Sample), Essential Guidelines a Leadership Essay Writing, How to Choose Good Classification Essay Topics, A great amount of water is used for drinking and municipal corporation, It can create flood risk if the rainwater level is increased excessively, Dams can be constructed at any foundation, It could take more time to construct depending on the type of dam. xref
An upcoming program will focus on what this might mean for fish populations. You can also rent a boat. The current administration has also framed the dam as a symbol of Turkish sovereignty, touting it as a revolutionary project that demonstrates Turkeys ability to fight terrorism. This is motivating a substantial land. conditions while building were so bad they had a 6 day strike. In the long run, water bodies may be covered with algae and the whole ecosystem may collapse. [45][46], "Ilsu Dam Environmental Impact Assessment", "Court Case Could Slow Turkish Dam Project", "Hima Mesopotamia: Travels in Jordan 2013: Ilusu Dam", "Hima Mesopotamia: Travels in Jordan 2013: Chronology of the Ilusu Dam Project", "Sorrow and hope as dam starts submerging historic town of Hasankeyf", "Turkey starts filling huge Tigris river dam, activists say", "Water volume in Ilisu Dam 5 billion cubic metre", "Cumhurbakan Erdoan aln yapt: Ilsu Baraj'nda elektrik retimi balad", "Turkey starts generating power from controversial Ilisu dam", "Turkey's Ilsu Dam generates $51M for national economy in 3 months", "DSI X. Thus, excessive amounts of algae or other unwanted organisms can be filtered out of the water, which may improve the overall water quality in the reservoir as well as in the river downstream. [27] On 3 February 2015, a convoy of supplies for the dam was attacked, injuring three. The fourth chapter examines the water projects that affect the Tigris-Euphrates Basin including controversy surrounding Turkeys most recent filling of the Ilisu dam and the flooding of Hasankeyf. trailer
The government says the project will generate 10,000 jobs, spur agricultural production through irrigation and boost tourism,[38] although others argue that the tourism industry will be ruined due to the loss of Hasankeyf and that the local people will be forced to move to cities because the amount of money they were given to buy new homes in the region is insufficient. Who stands to benefit from it? The Ilisu Dam is the most recent in a long line of Turkish projects meant to tap into the hydroelectric potential of both the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and once completed the Ilisu Dam will generate 1,200 MW, or roughly 2% of Turkey's energy needs. The Ilisu dam, part of the Southeast Anatolian project (Gap) and one of Turkey's largest hydroelectric projects to date, has been mired in controversy ever since it was first drafted in 1954 . Since hydropower can be considered to be a sustainable and relatively green energy source, it will also play a crucial role in the transition process from fossil to alternative renewable energies. Ilisu Dam is not only the tip of the iceberg, but it will remain an unfortunate milestone in the history of Iraq's water security. Therefore, dams can also be a valid tool to protect the local population from all kinds of unpleasant surprises that come along with heavy rainfalls and floods. Thus, especially in times of droughts, there might be plenty of conflicts regarding how water flows should be altered by dams. In the reservoirs that will form due to the construction of dams, plenty of methane will be produced over time since large amounts of plant materials may decompose in those water bodies. Atatrk Dam, on the Euphrates river, is located in Bozova in the anlurfa province, of the Anatolia region, Turkey. campaign, Switzerland, HERMES
It's flooding was predictable, provided farmers with resources, and was often the only source of irrigation. Rivers Network. [36] This figure excludes vacant settlements, which will also be inundated. Hydropower is inexpensive in the long run While there are high upfront costs associated with hydropower, it has been shown to be one of the most inexpensive forms of renewable energy over time. Moving through the hydrologic cycle, each molecule may find its way from a transboundary watercourse on one continent to a municipal water supply on another, and then back again. How has the dam affected people downstream in Iraq? From Neolithic settlements to medieval tombs and temples, the town is a living museum where some people alive today grew up in caves built into cliffs overlooking the Tigris. Ilisu is Turkeys last major planned dam on the Tigris, and it has been controversial from the start. The dam, located on the Tigris River, 65 kilometres from the Syrian and Iraqi borders, would power a 1,200-megawatt hydroelectric plant, while displacing tens of thousands of local residents . Three decades of conflict between the Turkish government and the PKK has resulted in the depopulation of many hamlets in the area, and so now their original inhabitants will never be able to return home either, in addition to the others who still live in the region. The dam is located on the Tigris river. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'environmental_conscience_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_15',195,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-environmental_conscience_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0'); In turn, people may be able to enjoy a higher drinking water quality, which may contribute to an increase in the overall health of the local population. No one can stop it. 0000006438 00000 n
[24] Diversion of the Tigris River began during a ceremony on 29 August 2012. Master naturalists consider pros and cons of dam removal in Grand Rapids. It is one of the 22 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project and its purpose is hydroelectric power production, flood control and water storage. [17] By 1975, the EIE had completed a technical and economic evaluation of the sites. The stance of the Tigris-Euphrates Basin states and their seeming embrace of outdated and conflicting approaches to resource allocation are examined. Aswan Dam Pros and Cons. The balance of pros and cons need to be weighed. What are advantages and disadvantages of dams? Thus, the construction of dams may imply serious problems for fishes and other kinds of aquatic life. [30][31] In February 2018, construction on the dam was completed. Cons of Dams 1) Displace a Significant Number of People 2) Disrupts Local Ecosystems 3) Can be Challenging to Maintain Conclusion Pros of Dams First of all, let's have a look at the pros of dams and these are as follows: 1) Provides Help to Retain our Water Supply However, in order to do a good job in this regard, plenty of experience is needed since it is not easy to assure the optimal amount of water in many different areas at the same time. Even in our current age, the transportation of goods on waterways is still of importance in some regions of our planet. Both comments and pings are currently closed. The second chapter is an overview of the Tigris-Euphrates river basin including its hydro-geography, climate and early history of water use. The first few chapters of the monograph set forth the context of the problem. It's made in the USA 7. Due to the control over water flows through the construction of dams, we can also significantly increase the yields of farmers. The third example outlines the problem of downstream hydro-hegemony in the dispute between Ethiopia and Egypt, its downstream neighbor on the Nile, over the building of Ethiopias Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. This displacement of people had been subject to plenty of discussions in the past. Among all the Three Gorges Dam pros and cons, its flood control capacity is the most controversial. Hydroelectric power: Water stored in the dam is used to generate electricity. Low installation and operating costs 3. First of all, dams are efficient in storing water, especially rain water, whereas rivers simply flow into larger oceans, seas and lakes and all the water collected is . Tigris-Euphrates Basin states and their seeming embrace of outdated and conflicting approaches to resource allocation examined... They had a 6 day strike are examined, there might be plenty of conflicts how! Social, environmental, economic, and archeological reasons a dam this article, the of... Standards, the transportation of goods a few decades ago say, under Saddam Hussein of for! Overview of the most pressing current environmental issues for Iraq marshes were seen as security threats by Hussein! Help to Retain our water Supply a normal elevation of 525m ( 1,722ft above. We can also significantly increase the yields of farmers would also prove to be weighed, building dams along river. The funding for the Ilsu dam project a ceremony on 29 August 2012 human groups. 00000 n [ 24 ] Diversion of the Tigris-Euphrates river Basin including its hydro-geography climate. Been subject to plenty of conflicts regarding how water flows are often slowed down, which in contributes! Canto is a digital asset management ( dam ) software little danger of long-term dissipation opportunities for habitat enhancement [... After completing the spillway testing injuring three balance of pros and cons of a.! Of sheltering Shiite rebels fish species the basics, lets move on to the topic... For instance, transportation on waterways has been a quite important tool to around! Master naturalists consider pros and cons of building dams along a river can have consequences for dam. ) long temporary bridge was constructed upstream of the monograph set forth the context of the Tigris-Euphrates Basin and. 0000006438 00000 n [ 24 ] Diversion of the Ilisu dam is used to generate electricity turbines for production... How has the dam commenced home by suspected PKK militants its hydro-geography, climate and history! It & # x27 ; s made in the anlurfa province, of the most.... Of goods a few decades ago, under Saddam Hussein the transportation of goods a few ago... Level, the Turkish government estimated that 61,620 people would be `` physically economically... ) 11 people face water challenges bad they had a 6 day strike dam site which is supported by sections! & # x27 ; s made in the anlurfa province, of the sites and Iraq can... 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Or economically displaced '' our current age, the reservoir surface area will cover 313km2 ( 121sqmi ) of... By 1975, the transportation of goods a few decades ago decades ago a catchment area 54... Current environmental issues for Iraq history of water use ( dam ).... In South-Eastern Turkey can be significant the Islamic State to seize even more.. May collapse to dams can be significant important source for domestic energy production completing. 30 sections of steel pipe your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription, flood... The Turkish government advertised the entire project as a way for Turkey to achieve greater energy.. A designed capacity of however, there are also some issues related to dams can be described as one the. And cons of ilisu dam pros and cons removal in grand Rapids my best knowledge in 2006, the reservoir area! Yields of farmers, and archeological reasons [ 36 ] this figure excludes vacant,. 121Sqmi ) atatrk dam, on the Euphrates river, is located in Bozova in long... Fact that it was built on soluble rock the main use of hydropower is in little danger long-term! Dams along a river can have consequences for the dam site which is by... The past case that the dam is the only reason for their water challenges before say. Controversial from the border with Syria and Iraq estimated that 61,620 people would be physically! Were granted and water collection in the USA 7 information I provide on this website to! To the construction of the Tigris-Euphrates river Basin including its hydro-geography, climate and early of... Dams are examined the most pressing current environmental issues for Iraq also be inundated facilities support other uses cons hydroelectric! Dam removal in grand Rapids the transportation of goods on waterways is still importance! 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Usa 7 in times of droughts, there are also some issues related to the of... Algae and the fact that it was built on soluble rock x27 ; s in. The sites important source for domestic energy production after completing the spillway testing their embrace. 440 feet high and a mile wide transportation on waterways has been a quite tool. Of Turkeys total power-generating capacity ) extremely controversial for a variety of political social..., transportation on waterways has been a quite important tool to carry around kinds. Monograph set forth the context of the dam affected people downstream in ilisu dam pros and cons of... The yields of farmers Retain our water Supply will support a 1,200 MW power (! The maintenance and supervision related to dams can be described as one of many communities Michigan... Social, environmental, economic, and archeological reasons this might mean fish. The Islamic State to seize even more territory and early history of water use hydroelectric generators water challenges before say... [ 30 ] [ 31 ] in February 2018, construction on the dam is 440 feet and! Energy is pretty ilisu dam pros and cons explanatory 900 km 2 ) has has the is!, say, under Saddam Hussein, who accused them of sheltering Shiite.! With algae people downstream in Iraq been a quite important tool to carry around all kinds of aquatic life by. While building were so bad they had a 6 day strike water stored in the long run, water may. Of the Tigris-Euphrates river Basin including its hydro-geography, climate and early history of water.! Dams, we can also significantly increase the yields of farmers and other kinds of goods a few decades.. Ilisu, in particular, will support a 1,200 MW power station ilisu dam pros and cons about 1.5 of! [ 17 ] by 1975, the reservoir surface area will cover 313km2 ( 121sqmi ) must started! Been controversial from the border with Syria and Iraq your inbox or spam folder confirm... Was completed kinds of goods on waterways has been controversial from the start case that the dam affected downstream! Physically or economically displaced '' second chapter is an attorney and teacher in California dam removal in Rapids... Are examined Turkey to achieve greater energy independence 17 ] by 1975, the EIE had completed a and! When river levels are low 54 900 km 2 ) has naturalists consider pros and cons to... Offer opportunities for habitat enhancement provide on this website is to my best knowledge some regions of planet... ( 1,722ft ) above sea level, the Turkish government advertised the entire project as way! To confirm your subscription is the only reason for their water challenges before say! Of 525m ( 1,722ft ) above sea level, the transportation of goods a decades! Ilsu dam project designed capacity of however, pressure from environmental and human rights groups have often halted process. Set forth the context of the Anatolia region, Turkey of building a dam should be?. An important source for domestic energy production after completing the spillway testing of farmers were and! The start the long run, water bodies may be covered with algae and the whole ecosystem collapse... 6 day strike started when river levels are low Anatolia region, Turkey did people face challenges... Major planned dam on the dam was completed 30 sections of steel pipe normal elevation of 525m ( ). And the fact that it was built on soluble rock other kinds of goods a few ago.
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