thomas more and margaret pole relationship

The bridegroom Arthur was dead within months. She held a noble title in her own right, and controlled great wealth, after she was restored to favor during the reign of Henry VIII but she became embroiled in the religious controversy over his split with Rome and was executed on Henrys orders. Most aristocratic women outlived their husbands, and once a woman was widowed she was able to assert her independence and have a say in her family affairs, while cultivating the trope of the defenceless widow in any dealings with the authorities. Wolsey was destined to die for his failure to secure the annulment. In The Kings Curse (2014) she was ground up by the great fictionalising machine that is Philippa Gregory, and in 2003 she was the subject of a major biography by Hazel Pierce: Margaret Pole: Loyalty, Lineage and Leadership. Margaret may have been deprived of her dynastic importance, but her marriage was honourable and stable, and she retained her status, if not her familys great titles and wealth. [11], In 1531, Reginald Pole warned of the dangers of the Boleyn marriage. When Prince Arthur held court in Ludlow with the 15-year-old Catherine of Aragon, Richard Pole was with him, and a friendship began between the bride and the chamberlains wife which was to outlast Catherines life and have deep and lasting consequences for Margaret Pole. She would have been a widow when the portrait was painted, but she holds a sprig of honeysuckle, symbol of love and marriage. He was no fool; he noted Wolseys great and increasingly ostentatious wealth. It was More's execution - far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole - which established the king's reputation for capricious cruelty. Please include name, address and a telephone number. This site requires the use of Javascript to provide the best possible experience. Cromwell was an astute politician whose beliefs changed at the whim of his royal master. As part of the investigations into the so-called Exeter Conspiracy, Geoffrey Pole was arrested in August 1538. Margaret's loyalty was to Katherine of Aragon and to her daughter Princess Mary to whom she was governess and godmother. Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, was born at Farley Castle, near Bath, on 14th August, in or about the year 1473. It took many blows to finally kill her and this botched execution was itself remembered and, for some, considered a sign of martyrdom. It was sumptuously furnished and built of brick a modern material but moated, crenellated, archaic in form. During her time in prison, Cromwell himself was executed. He waited five days before being summoned to the scaffold on Tower Hill. Mores letters indicate that he was not particularly keen to enter royal service. Pierces book is thorough and scholarly, and her work is acknowledged in Higginbothams biography, which is less detailed, but serious and judicious. EXECUTED: 27 MAY 1541. Two days later, a four-count indictment charging More with treason was presented to the commission. She answered that no crime had been imputed to her. In some versions, the plucky old girl refused to kneel at the block, and the headsman had to pin her down. When Catherine of Aragon gave birth to a daughter, Mary, Margaret Pole was asked to be one of the godmothers. This was an obvious lie; More had never said anything of the sort to any other visitor, why Rich? It is no exaggeration to state that its publication ensured More a stature that no other Englishman of his time enjoyed. Their old friendship was past; the kings new advisors were anti-Catholic and pro-Protestant, most notably among them was Thomas Cromwell. It was the king who had paid for Reginalds education at Oxford and later in Italy, where his noble connections gave him the entre into the smartest humanist circles. Back in 1521, there had been a wobble in the family fortunes when the Duke of Buckingham, into whose family Ursula Pole had married, was executed for treason: Margarets eldest son, Henry Lord Montagu, had been imprisoned briefly, and her duties in the princesss household were suspended. The supposed discovery, six months after her house and effects were searched at her arrest, is likely to have been a fabrication. The new pretender, Ralph Wilford, was arrested and killed before the conspiracy bred any action. Margaret was stripped of her titles and imprisoned in the Tower of London. In practice, pre-nuptial agreements, trusts and the legally sanctioned breach of entails created some flexibility. Among his guests, in fact, was the king himself. Thomas More was beheaded in 1535 for his refusal to accept the Acts of Supremacy and the Act of Succession (1534) of Henry VIII of England and swear allegiance to Henry as head of the English Church. She certainly didn't bow to any pressure later in her life to give up her son. In 1504, More was elected to Parliament and one of his first acts was to oppose Henry VIIs request of a grant of three-fifteenths. Thomas More (1478-1535), lawyer and moral philosopher, is still regarded by many Catholics as the quintessential good man. ThoughtCo. He married Anne Cheney, daughter of Nicholas Cheney. Cardinal and archbishop of Canterbury.Pole was a younger son of Margaret, countess of Salisbury, daughter of George, duke of Clarence: he was therefore of the blood royal and his mother was governess and companion of Princess Mary.Intended from the beginning for the church, he spent 1521-7 on the continent in study. Looking to her last end, Margaret commissioned a chantry at Christchurch Priory. First I went on the Internet to find some ways of measuring wind speed. Her mother died after giving birth to a fourth child; that brother died ten days after their mother. If my head should win him a castle in France, he told his son-in-law in 1525, it should not fail to go.). But by then Lord Montagu was dead, executed along with the Marquis of Exeter and other opponents of the regime. His decision to become a lay Christian now made, More quickly married. geralmente . After Henry VIII and then his son Edward VI had died, and Mary I was queen, with the intention to restore England to Roman authority, Reginald Pole was appointed papal legate to England by the Pope. BORN: 1473. In 1886, 10 years after . As a newly elected representative for London in Parliament and an undersheriff in the city, he was deeply involved in public life. Ultimately, they would both become martyrs of their faith (though this show is not likely . Following Richard's death in 1504, Margaret no longer had the fortune to support. When Arthur married Catherine of Aragon, she became a lady-in-waiting to the princess. If Margaret played any part in the downfall of Henrys second queen, her role was so far behind the scenes that it has left no trace. Henry VII also decided, about that time, to marry the 15-year-old Margaret to his half-cousin, Sir Richard Pole. The next year, when her sons were mixed up with Buckingham, she was removed from that appointment, but later restored to it by 1525. Reginald also urged the princes of Europe to depose Henry immediately. [2] His heir was his son Thomas. The picture was cleaned in 1973, and study suggested that some original features have almost vanished. During the reign of Edward IV, little Margaret and her brother were brought up at Sheen . An Exclusive First Look at Laura Carmichael as Maggie Pole in the Series Finale of The Spanish Princess Watch as she confronts Sir Thomas More. I decided to investigate anemometers, because I wanted to look at different ways of measuring wind speed. Buckingham was alleged to have said that the lack of sons to carry on the Tudor line was Gods punishment for the imprisonment and death of the young Earl of Warwick. John More was a successful lawyer who was later knighted and made a judge of the Kings Bench; he was prosperous enough to send his son to Londons best school, St Anthonys at Threadneedle Street. It was then discovered that More had written to John Fisher, the bishop of Rochester, who was also imprisoned in the Tower for not taking the oath. Ursula married into the powerful Stafford family; of Margarets sons, only Reginald did not marry; by the age of seven he was given utterly to God. A devoted Catholic, More refuses to sign Parliament's Act of Supremacy, which declares King Henry, and not the Pope, the Supreme Head of the new Church of England. There is an apocryphal story that Morton predicted his bright and lively page would grow into a marvelous man. Our Lady of Lourdes in Harpenden, Hertfordshire. Now he decided to seriously test his religious convictions. Was the family sincere in deploring his disloyalty? If the great Sir Thomas More believed the kings marriage to be unlawful, why, it must be so! On May 27th 1541, Margaret Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Tower of London. Her first son, Henry Pole, was created Baron Montagu, another of the Neville titles, speaking for the family in the House of Lords. My faithfulness stands fast and so, His brother came to the throne in 1509 as Henry VIII, married the widowed Catherine, and in a first flush of goodwill began to repair the damage to Margarets fortunes. That was the beginning of Thomas Mores public career, and it was a telling one. When Arthur died in 1502, the Poles lost that position. International Elizabeth Darrell, later Thomas Wyatts mistress, refused the oath; Lady Hussey, wife of one of Marys household, was imprisoned because she would not accept Marys exclusion from the succession and insisted on addressing her as a princess. The Editor More also engaged in a public war of words on the kings behalf with Martin Luther, the father of the Reformation. Margaret was now fully under the king's will, with no title or lands to her name, she was to be styled simply as Margaret Pole. Edward IV declared that Margaret's younger brother, Edward, should be known as Earl of Warwick as a courtesy title, but no peerage was ever created for him. More suffered a sharp chest pain, possibly angina, and begged the king to release him from his duties. On 14 November 1538, Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, was arrested. Her maternal grandfather was killed fighting against her uncle, Edward IV, at the Battle of Barnet. Today we know Sir Thomas More primarily as the author of Utopia, and as one of the more famous martyrs of Henry VIIIs reign. Margaret's destiny, as an heiress to the Plantagenets, is not for a life in the shadows. You may not of heard of Margaret Pole so I will fill you in because her death was quite brutal and makes an interesting read, (if you like the darker side of the Tudors). And her gender did not necessarily disqualify her from becoming leader of the opposition if that was what she chose. Princess Mary But in 1520 Margaret was clearly in favor with the King and Queen when she was appointed governess of the Princess Mary. She had a small estate of land, inherited from her husband, but no other income and no prospects. Quite the opposite. He died young (about 1526) having married the heir of Roger Lewknor. Mores piety was the defining aspect of his character; even as the circumstances of his life changed, it remained constant and unyielding. But polite prevarications only worked for so long and soon More was a genuine courtier, with all its attendant duties and benefits. [6] She remained there until she returned to favour when Henry VIII came to the throne in 1509. His naivety meant that, when threats to the regime mounted, he was easily entrapped. He returned to Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year. Chapuys also communicated with Reginald through his brother, Geoffrey. She was attended by servants and received an extensive grant of clothing in March 1541. [2] As one of the few members of the House of Plantagenet to have survived the Wars of the Roses, she was executed in 1541 at the command of King Henry VIII, the second monarch of the House of Tudor, who was the son of her first cousin, Elizabeth of York. The pope would not relent. She lived one of the more turbulent lives of the 16th century, starting off as the niece of the King, and ending up nearly 70 years later penniless in the Tower, executed by an inexperienced executioner. He grew up cultivated and cosmopolitan, sensitive, lively-minded. Not only did this mean that Margaret came of royal stock, but it meant that she came from the family that was historically opposed to the reign of the Tudors, a fact that would affect her throughout her life. It is unlikely she had seen him for many years, but in any case, mourning for a traitor was inadvisable. She was a decade and a half younger than he was, and he never seems to have felt anything more than a brotherly affection for her. Henrys adult opponents were dead or driven abroad. The trial of Sir Thomas More for treason opened in Westminster Hall on July 1, 1535. Towards the block I shall not go! Margaret Pole, N B tc ca Salisbury (ting Anh: Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury; 14 thng 8 nm 1473 - 27 thng 5 nm 1541), l mt nh i qu tc Anh quc.B l con gi ca George Plantagenet, Cng tc x Clarence, em trai ca Quc vng Edward IV v anh trai ca Richard III.Margaret l mt trong s t nhng ngi ph . Even the more sedate accounts agree that, like Thomas Cromwell, she was hacked about by a second-string executioner. It is at this moment that we must step back and consider the England in which More now lived. More was not a man to be broken by prison, but he suffered physically. Like other noble ladies the kings sister the Duchess of Suffolk, or the Duke of Norfolks wife Margaret was not comfortable at the court of Anne Boleyn. Perhaps more than any other courtier of Henrys reign, More embodied the searching, troubled spirit of the early 16th century. In theory, after she married, a womans personal property and real estate were at her husbands disposal. In 1512, Parliament, with Henrys assent, restored to her some of the lands that had been held by Henry VII for her brother while he was imprisoned, and then had been confiscated when he was executed. Please include name, address, and a telephone number. Margaret Poles house had been searched in the efforts to find evidence to back of the attainders of those executed. In total, Margaret and Richard Pole had five children together: Henry, Arthur, Ursula, Reginald and Geoffrey. He wore many hats: chief diplomat, speechwriter, advisor. Mores eldest daughter Margaret would become the first non-royal Englishwoman to publish a work in translation. This is Aalto. Either her sons had not made her aware of their dealings, Fitzwilliam concluded, or she was an adept in brazen deceit. When Arthur married Catherine of Aragon, Margaret became one of her ladies-in-waiting, but her entourage was dissolved when Arthur died in 1502 aged fifteen. Illustrated statistics ; Map ; Browse using this individual as Sosa/Ahnentafel #1 . More would have to either acknowledge the kings spiritual supremacy and marriage to Anne Boleyn, or he would die. He had a true gift for friendship and inspired deep loyalty amongst his family and friends. 28 Little Russell Street Her father was the younger brother of Edward IV and Richard III. Shrewsbury Cathedral, she is in the fourth window in front of John Fisher. No great European power was willing to commit men or money to this crusade, but their unwillingness was not apparent at the time. He was sentenced to a traitors death to be drawn, hanged, and quartered but the king changed it to beheading. This phrase has been interpreted as meaning Edward was of low intelligence; it only means that he was unworldly, and Higginbotham sees this. With the accession of the young king uxorious, beautiful and benign England seemed to have entered a golden age: and at his coronation, all the spectators, and presumably Margaret Pole with them, with great reverence, love and desire, said and cried: Yea, yea!. But for now he was out of Henrys reach, leaving his family as hostages. She managed her lands quite well, and became one of the five or six wealthiest peers in England. She built herself a castle at Warblington, close to the sea on the Hampshire-Sussex border. He blindfolded himself and exhorted the assembled crowd to witness his end in the faith and for the faith of the Catholic Church, the kings good servant but Gods first. Even Mores Protestant enemies did not believe him a traitor; his death was almost universally held to be nothing less than martyrdom. Later that year, Reginald was summoned to Rome, made a cardinal and put in charge of organising a crusade against England economic sanctions first, war if need be. Annes personal religious feeling was unimportant. The new king married Margaret's cousin, Elizabeth of York, Edward IV's daughter, and Margaret and her brother were taken into their care. We do know that he tried in vain to support the kings position. Nor make one step, as you shall see; He had long felt a calling to the priesthood. Her father was Shakespeares false, fleeting, perjured Clarence, who died in the Tower of London at the age of 29, attainted for treason and supposedly drowned in a butt of malmsey. London, WC1A 2HNletters@lrb.co.uk Contemporary chroniclers often referred to him as a friend of the poor. There is no greater tale of a father and daughter relationship than the story of Sir Thomas More and his Dearest Meg, his eldest daughter Margaret. The most persistent of the pretenders who plagued Henry was Peter Warbeck (baptised Perkin by the regime to make him sound silly), who claimed to be Richard of York, the younger of the vanished princes. Her son Arthur joined them, dying young, probably in the sweating sickness epidemic of 1528. Managed projects by translating human insights into actionable guidance for skilled teams. Anne was the anointed queen. Birth City: London, England. [6] . A Bill of Attainder disinherited Margaret and her younger brother, Edward, and removed them from the line of succession. It was Gertrude Courtenay, Marchioness of Exeter, who claimed to be brittle and fragile; one of the most persistent of the aristocratic plotters against Henry, she was in trouble in 1533 for her contacts with Elizabeth Barton, the Nun of Kent, whose florid line in prophecy was discomfiting to the regime. She began to write for the. Margaret Pole was the daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, brother to Edward IV, and a leading figure in the Wars of the Roses. Soon he was acting as Henrys personal secretary and adviser, delivering official speeches, greeting foreign envoys, drafting treaties and other public documents, and composing the kings responses to Wolseys dispatches. How to Be Tudor: Can a King Have Friends. Biography. This conviction meant they lost their titles and their landsmostly in the South of England--conveniently located to assist any invasion. His eldest daughter Margaret married the lawyer William Roper in 1521, and More continued his practice of prayer and supervision of learning at his home. Margaret was superfluous; curtly, Henry wrote her off as a fool. The sons of Edward IV, 11 and 13 years old, had been held in the Tower by their uncle Richard III, and last been seen by Londoners in the summer of 1483. Mary's household was broken up at the end of the year, and Margaret asked to serve Mary at her own cost, but was not permitted. When Catherine of Aragon gave birth to a daughter, Mary, Margaret Pole was asked to be one of the godmothers. He was knighted in 1521, became speaker of the House of Commons in 1523, and earned the title of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. When that daughters father-in-law was executed by Henry VIII, the Pole family fell out of favor briefly, but regained favor. The 8-episode season follows Catherine of Aragon (Charlotte Hope) and King Henry VIII's (Ruari O'Connor) tumultuous marriage. Two written eyewitness reports survived her execution: one by Marillac, the French ambassador, and the other by Chapuys, ambassador to the Holy Roman Emperor. The remnants of the Plantagenets had no difficulty in breeding, while the Tudors were less lucky. The honor was tremendous; notably, More was the first layman to hold the office. Sir Thomas de la Pole was born circa 1378. Cardinal Wolsey and the king needed no further reason to bring More into the kings service. Afterwards, he made a botched suicide attempt. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. He was the child Margaret had been carrying when her brother Warwick was executed. On June 26, a special commission was established to hear the case of Thomas More. And his patron Morton was infamous as the architect of that kings very successful and subsequently very unpopular tax policy. Margarets aunt, Anne Neville, thus became queen. Margaret if it is she wears coral and ermine. And so he was. She was later regarded by Catholics as such and was beatified on 29 December 1886 by Pope Leo XIII. . Yet if you were to ask Mores contemporaries to describe him, their words would be as conflicted and contradictory as the man himself. Margaret Pole, fdd 14 augusti 1473 i Bath, Somerset, England, dd 27 maj 1541 i London, England, grevinna av Salisbury, var en engelsk hovfunktionr. The sitter might as well be carved, for all she suggests flesh or circulating blood. What a contemporary described as her nobility and goodness soon put her back in royal favour. And as his own reputation grew in London, he attracted the notice of the all-powerful Cardinal Wolsey. Lively page would grow into a marvelous man treason was presented to the priesthood easily entrapped de Pole! Address, and study suggested that some original features have almost vanished was almost universally held to broken... 1973, and it was sumptuously furnished and built of brick a modern material moated! For all she suggests flesh or circulating blood to give up her son killed before the bred. Became Queen the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous her husband, regained... Death was almost universally held to be drawn, hanged, and it was sumptuously furnished built. Her aware of their dealings, Fitzwilliam concluded, or he would die Bill of Attainder Margaret! 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