Everything you need to know to officiate. Before these witnesses I vow to love you and care for you as long as we both . Sah DSimone, 27. Wedding rituals start with welcoming the guests as honour and seeking their blessings for the couple after the ceremony. The minute I heard my first love story, I started looking for you, not knowing how blind that was. Which excerpt touches your heart and connects with you on a spiritual level? They touch upon various subjects, such as loving and understanding ones wife, being faithful to her, and living without remorse. Couples have the freedom to decide the aspects they want to include in their individual vows. You must determine what part of the itinerary the readings will occur on, how many passages you need, and who will read them. It cannot take the place of direct practice itself, beginning with meditation, but may be useful for arousing aspiration and dissolving some sticking points in practice. If you have already written or drafted Buddhist wedding vows, your promises might help you find a reading that suits your relationship. 2. When in doubt, its always best to check in with the couple in advance. I shall sow love. Buddhist Wedding Readings. Love and forgiveness. There are . Wedding vows generally follow three common formats: Question & answer - The celebrant poses a series of questions, commonly answered by the couple with "I do" or "I will.". here, there, and everywhere. Here are the best wedding readings: 1. and you as myself. As we enter this new chapter of our lives, we pledge to live by spiritual leader Thich Nhat Hanhs wise words: The Buddha spoke about four elements that constitute true love: the capacity to be kind and offer happiness, maitri in Sanskrit, compassion, the capacity to relieve suffering, karuna; the capacity to bring joy every day, mudita; and finally, the capacity of nondiscrimination, upeksha. Please use this opportunity to express to each other what your intentions are for your married life. Through service and facing challenges, we develop our inner potential, which is the focus of Buddhism. True happiness is based on peace., 23. This is a time for that community to come together, celebrate the couples devotion, and party! The language is very different than other vows, so it's great if you're looking for inspiration. With that said, the vows used in a Buddhist wedding can be traditional, such as those listed above, as well as vows personally written by the couple. Tranquil their senses, masterful and modest, These general tips can be adapted to suit (pun intended) just about any event. And here they are! If these minds love one another, the home will be as beautiful as a flower garden. Although they do not touch upon the topic of marriage per se, you can learn valuable lessons about domestic life. Stay up to date with the latest wedding ceremony trends, script writing inspiration, tips and advice for first-time officiants, and news that matters to couples and wedding ministers. After that they will perform a short prayer or mediation. Once you have finished your first draft, step away for a moment and give yourself time to rest. Honor, respect, fidelity, and trust apply to the union of man and wife as they do in other areas of life. May we be grateful. who seeks the good, and who knows the meaning of the place of peace. Most celebrations continue with a decadent feast and lively dancing and music lasting into the night. The Buddhist Scriptures, The Buddha's Sermon at Rajagaha, Verses 19-22. . It is part of our deep inner being. My First Love Story - Rumi. so with a boundless mind should one cherish all living beings, Fabulous prayer must say, i loved every bit of this prayer and it has taught something very new. When there is true love, there is nondiscrimination. You are loved just for being who you are, just for existing. I promise to always put honesty and empathy in everything I do. Buddhist Quotes on Marriage and Domestic Life. You can incorporate the affirmation of such precepts into your ceremony. Understanding is the essence of love. To support mother and father, to cherish wife and children, and to be engaged in peaceful occupation this is the greatest blessing. from the Mangala Sutta, #2. If the officiant will read the readings, you do not have to worry. Community members may share teachings from the Dalai Lama or Dogen, or read sections from the Sigalovada Sutta, an old Buddhist text which speaks specifically to the ways couples can best approach domestic unions. Buddhist Wedding Readings. Rings and Vows: Next is the major aspect of marriage where the vows are exchanged first. It is a thorn that irritates and hurts; it is a sword that kills. Dwight Goddard, Buddha, Truth and Brotherhood: An Epitome of Many Buddhist Scriptures, Translated from the Japanese., #13. 1 Corinthians 13:4-8. Beginningless and endless. A short, simple Buddhist wedding ceremony script for modern couples that's easy to personalize. Or despise any being in any state; Now it has come time to pick our readings/songs/etc. Such a beautiful way to express one's philosophical and spiritual orientation in a modern wedding ceremony. now. Wedding Readings Funny. If you dig deeper, you will find that those quotes were either said by somebody else or made up. Buddhist Wedding Prayer . I was reminded of some of the wonderful Buddhist blessings I have included in ceremonies over the years, for couples in which one partner was born into Buddhism or adopted it along the way. The image above is a sample Buddhist marriage invitation card printed in the Marathi language. I call to you:Let us together liveThe Great Peace that we are.May we give no fearfor all our days,here, there, and everywhere. That another person is intimate with you is that you are intimate with the person. realizing the completeness of each and every thing. Recite the Buddhist wedding vows as inscribed in the Sigilovdda Sutta.The groom will say, "Towards my wife I undertake to love and respect her, be kind and considerate, be faithful . I will always be mindful of my actions and show compassion, understanding, patience, inspiration, wisdom, and morality. here, there, and everywhere. 1. Let us vow to open ourselves to the abundance of life. So long as you are awake, They say love can build bridges and climb mountains and they're right. Doubt separates people. Buddhist Wedding Vows. "Love has no meaning without understanding., 10. May the wind be always at your back. 13. Amy: We pledge: To be compassionate, tender and loving. And choosing to move in a direction of peace, and happiness., 18. Buddhist Wedding Prayer Today we promise to dedicate ourselves completely to each other, with body, speech, and mind. May I be happy, may I be healthy, may I be safe, and may I live with ease. May they be joyous and live in safety! This is the focus point of this prayer. A Blessing for The Journey (Buddhist Prayer) "The roots of a lasting relationship are mindfulness, deep listening, and loving speech, and a strong community to support you., 7. (partners name) and (partners name), are happy today not only because they can share the joy of their love for each other with friends and family, but also because they have the opportunity to express their aspirations for the future. for all our days, Thanks for the share and many congratulations to you both for your tenth wedding anniversary in advance. The Great Peace that we are. May we be grateful Accordingly, nine monks are usually invited, and with one Buddha image at the ceremony this comes to ten, thus making even number. May the saddest day of your future. Will you free me, too? Embracing our differences, When the heart is enlightened, you turn the dharma blossoms. When the heart is deluded, you are turned by the dharma blossoms. you smile your wondrous smile, If youre planning an interfaith or interspiritual wedding ceremony, your wedding officiant can help you to include one or two Buddhist readings along with favorite readings or customs from another (or several other) faiths. The fig tree puts forth its figs, and the vines are in blossom; they give forth fragrance. This modern Buddhist wedding script is centered around the central Buddhist values of love, harmonious living, compassion, wisdom, kindness, patience, community -- all the ingredients of a happy and lasting marriage. Radiate boundless love towards the entire world above, below, and across unhindered, without ill will, without enmity., 13. May God be with you and bless you; May you see your children's children. Another aspect of being straight and upright, has to do with mindfulness. Let us together live Do not be angry nor bear secret resentments; for as a mother will risk her life and watches over her child, so boundless be your love to all, so tender, kind and mild. To be there for him/her? Learn from the Pros to Officiate with Confidence! (iii) she is faithful, Below, weve gathered some of our favorite quotes on these principles taken from ancient texts to todays TikToks expertly illuminated by Buddhist teachers that are wise, thoughtful, and often funny. There is plenty you can learn by reading the Buddhist scriptures. To be simply yourself? small or great, visible or invisible, near or far away, born or to be born This particular prayer is attributed to the Buddha himself, and although it is said to be used at weddings, I see it really as a great source of Buddhist teachings and philosophy. However, because of Buddhism's renunciant tradition, finding such readings can be difficult. The leading candidate right now for this ceremony, is doing a Buddhist themed wedding, as we are both big fans of Zen and the teachings of the Buddha. That the wise would later reprove. for all our days, Being past ones youth, to take a young wife and to be unable to sleep for jealousy of her this is a cause of ones downfall. Gautama Buddha, Parabhava Sutta, #16. Metta Sutta is one of the most famous Buddhist texts. An open heart. Do not be angry nor bear secret resentments, for as a mother will risk her life and watches over her child, so boundless be your love to all, so tender, kind, and mild. Our wedding ceremony at the temple started the same way as most Chinese Buddhist rituals start: with bowing in front of the Buddha as a sign of . Through the best and the worst, Through the difficult and the easy. Cherish good will right and left, early and late, and without hindrance, without stint, be free of hate and envy, while standing and walking and sitting down, what ever you have in mind, the rule of life that is always best is to be loving-kind. I pledge to love you for who you are and support you in your endeavors. here, there, and everywhere. 4. Love Should by Moby. Introduction of the participants. (Couples, read Asking a Friend or Family Member to Officiate Your Wedding? The officiant might choose to reference Buddhisms three jewels: Traditional vows aren't a necessary part of a Buddhist wedding, but the promises that a couple makes to each other are essential. Because perfect guys don't exist, but there's always one guy that is perfect for you. To be faithful to him/her and worthy of his/her trust? To be here when he/she hurts and needs you? Several tips for choosing the reading for your wedding are also given. It's important to choose something meaningful. state! No one can take this love away from you, and it will always be here., 4. May all beings be happy. To honor and dedicate yourselves to this teaching is no other than dharma blossoms. This results in beautiful variety in Buddhist weddings, all around the world. for all our days, It is in the nature of things that joy arises in a person free from remorse. Buddha, Cetana Sutta, #14. To bring your tears and laughter to him/her? Thanks for sharing this! Wedding Rituals. These are truly vibrant celebrations noisy, large, and joyful. May we be kind It brings a new gladness to the sunshine, a new fragrance to the flowers, a new beauty to the earth, and a new mystery to life.". Regard one who sees your faults as a guide to a hidden treasure. The more you clutter your mind with desires, the less space there will be within, the less you will be your natural self and the less stable and composed you will be. Ceremony decorations include incense, flowers, candles, and (often) a statue of the Buddha. (iv) by handing over authority to her, (ii) she is hospitable to relations and attendants[10] May your hands be forever clasped in friendship. 6. It is really quite inspirational and offers a great deal of guidance as to how to live simply and lovingly. Let your own experience serve as your guide and inspiration. (partners name) and (partners name), do you pledge to help each other to develop your hearts and minds, cultivating compassion, generosity, ethics, patience, enthusiasm, concentration and wisdom as you age and undergo the various ups and downs of life and to transform them into the path of love, compassion, joy and equanimity?, (From Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition). Read This First What to wear (and not wear) as a Wedding Officiant. So our tenth wedding anniversary is next year, and Mrs. Mehta (Trupti) has been suggesting all sorts of ideas of how we ought to renew our vows in a unique way to celebrate this milestone. Let us vow to remember that all that appears will disappear.In the midst of uncertainty,I shall sow love.Here! Choose Your Officiant with our "Will You Marry Us?" In Pali, the word 'metta' means loving-kindness. for all our days, here, there, and everywhere. Many people think excitement is happinessBut when you are excited you are not peaceful. They propose how a householder should behave toward his wife. As a matter of fact, the Metta Sutta is one of the Buddha's most influential teachings. I pledge to be strong and resilient, to view the challenges that come our way as opportunities for growth. 1.Traditional Buddhist prayer. There are many components that happen before the wedding is even planned like matchmaking and Khachang. Devoid of any pomp and show, Buddhist weddings are starkly different than weddings in any other cultures in India. Now! The Great Peace that we are. I've got a few ideas but you all know the texts much better than I do, perhaps you can suggest a few. Do not be angry nor bear secret resentments; for as a mother will risk her life and watches over her child, so boundless be your love to all, so tender, kind and mild. "The really important kind of freedom involves attention, and awareness, and discipline, and effort, and being able truly to care about other people . (Officiants, read The Vows Exchange Explained for help understanding how and when to include vows and personal readings in the ceremony, and how to rehearse vows with a couple). And happy anniversary, although not sure when it is/was exactly, as Ive noticed there are no dates anywhere in your articles. Moreover, couples can either recite their vows or opt to silently read them together. Here are four popular Buddhist blessings. Without exception, weak or strong, . For things like capturing these cherished moments of your wedding day, you can hire an intimate wedding photographer. But if you search for phrases such as "Buddhist wedding reading" on the Internet you will find some. Lisa~Oneness Blessing Giver~. Mawwiage, that bwessed awwangement, that dweam wifin a dream. I pledge to always reflect on my actions and act within reason. When the heart is enlightened, you turn the dharma blossoms. A traditional Buddhist prayer is a wonderful way to share Buddhist wedding vows. The third one is the one that is the shared awareness that lies behind the two of them. A Simple Buddhist Wedding Ceremony Script. Indeed, this is dharma blossoms turning dharma blossoms. In the midst of uncertainty, The Buddha's Sermon at RajagahaDo not deceive, do not despise each other anywhere. An example of the words that are spoken can be the following: I, groom/bride take you groom/bride to be my husband/wife, my partner in life and my one true love. Her main goal for WeddingFrontier.com is to simplify the wedding planning process by sharing her years of expertise in the industry. despise any being in any state! They are perfect for any kind of wedding ceremony. Do not be angry nor bear secret resentments; for as a mother will risk her life and watches over her child, so boundless be your love to all, so tender, kind and mild. Everything you need to know to officiate. for all our days, let his senses be controlled; let him be wise but not puffed up, So here is the prayer. Cherish good will right and left, early and late, and without hindrance, without stint, be free of . Do not deceive, do not despise each other anywhere. May it be sweet milk, this marriage, like wine and halvah. I pledge to be strong and resilient, to view the challenges that come our way as opportunities for growth. I shall sow love. Thoroughly examine such moments as dharma blossoms turning. The most quotable line from everyone's favorite wedding movie and a very funny wedding ceremony reading. Of course, this meant Trupti went scouring the internet for information and soon she found the following beautiful Buddhist Prayer, can be recited at Buddhist weddings. appetites, Such a spiritual and personal discussion will help you find your purpose and footing as you enter married life. I vow to stay faithful to you, honor you, and love you until death do us part. Not to be contented with ones own wife and to be seen with harlots and the wives of others this is a cause of ones downfall. Gautama Buddha, Parabhava Sutta, #15. Every Buddhist wedding ceremony is deeply spiritual and emotional. Remarkable Buddhist wedding readings embody some core beliefs of Buddhism, such as reciprocal responsibility, equality, freedom, and reverence. and you as myself. to your relationship? My thought is this, during your wedding ceremony, talk about love. Attributed to The Buddha, 29. Because I love you, I'll speak only truthfully and kindly to you. The purpose of our relationship will be to attain enlightenment by perfecting our kindness and compassion toward all sentient beings. Below we've compiled a list of nontraditional wedding readings to inspire you. It is not so much an active emotion as a state of being. I truly hope that you enjoyed my collection of genuine Buddhist marriage quotes. In this life, in every situation, in wealth or poverty, in health or sickness, in happiness or difficulty, we will work to help each other perfectly. A good reading supports the promises that are at the heart of the wedding. Having glimpsed the state of perfect peace, Buddhism is both a religion and philosophical tradition with origins in 5th century ancient India. It is called Unlimited Friendliness, and if we want peace in our world and peace in our hearts, the advise given in this prayer ought to be followed. I am a Buddhist (nonreligious). At its core, Buddhism lays down a path of transformation, encouraging its practitioners to realize their true inner potential. Buddhist teachings revolve mostly around truth, modesty, compassion, meditation, self-restraint, and boundless love toward all living beings. We take refuge in the Sangha, our family and community. Under the eyes of the universe, I, (name), take (partners name) to be my lawfully wedded partner in life. So this prayer is trying to make some clear points as to how the man ought to conduct his life and thinking. These spiritual principles are essential parts of Buddhist practice, and the building blocks to a lasting and joyful marriage. here, there, and everywhere. Ram Dass, 28. Let yourself enjoy the view as you travel along the path. and my senses are filled. Note that these are for readings during the ceremony, not for vows. Lovely Buddhist Wedding Readings for Your Special Day, 1. This is an active practice, and not a one time deal, each time you open your heart to forgive, you are unshackling yourself from the past. wedding-and-ceremony-planningreligion-and-ritualsbuddhismbuddhist-wedding. It's just easier! 1 Buddhist Wedding Buddhist weddings are spiritual affairs and have less to do with religion and more to do with the "realization of the vows". "I, (name), take you, (name), to be my husband/wife, my partner in life, and my one true . Also, while some Buddhist weddings are officiated by a monk, others . Oct 13, 2014 - Searching for great wedding readings? Through prayer or meditation, a persons inner Buddha nature is awakened. When I used to perform weddings, the image I always had was the image of a triangle, in which there are two partners and then there is this third force, this third being, that emerges out of the interaction of these two. The purpose of our relationship will be to attain enlightenment by perfecting our kindness and compassion toward all sentient beings. Too many people in the West have given up on marriage. (v) by providing her with adornments. The couple makes kowtow or shows respect to their parents. This lecture features lessons on central Buddhist beliefs, values, and ways of living. Freely giving and receiving, I shall care for you, Although monks may attend the event and participate in other ways, they very rarely perform the marriage. One should train in deeds of meritgenerosity, a balanced life, developing a loving mindthat yield long-lasting happiness., 22. Although it will be a very secular ceremony, I am "sort of" a Buddhist and would like to include some appropriate readings or quotations if I can find any. Sylvia Boorstein relates a beautiful story about friends of hers who expressed their wedding vows as a modification of the Buddhist precepts: Because I love you, I promise never to harm you. , I & # x27 ; buddhist wedding readings important to choose something meaningful they upon... Hidden treasure that irritates and hurts ; it is a sword that kills this. Have to worry when he/she hurts and needs you are not peaceful with... Here when he/she hurts and needs you, step away for a moment and give yourself time to rest thought. Of many Buddhist Scriptures, the Buddha the abundance of life sword that kills at,.: to be strong and resilient, to view the challenges that come our as. Having glimpsed the state of being straight and upright, has to do with mindfulness is this during... Embody some core beliefs of Buddhism & # x27 ; metta & # x27 ; re right, patience inspiration... May I be happy, may I live with ease knows the meaning of Buddha! 13, 2014 - Searching for great wedding readings to inspire you Officiate your wedding by reading the Scriptures... Readings can be adapted to suit ( pun intended ) just about any event yield long-lasting,. The couple makes kowtow or shows respect to their parents your purpose and footing as you are just... Toward all sentient beings another aspect of being and upright, has to do with mindfulness or any... The Marathi language appears buddhist wedding readings disappear.In the midst of uncertainty, I & # x27 ; s most influential.. Or drafted Buddhist wedding readings for your Special day, you do not despise each anywhere... Around Truth, modesty, compassion, meditation, a balanced life, developing a loving mindthat yield happiness.... Expertise in the Marathi language around Truth, modesty, compassion, meditation, a persons Buddha... Guide to a lasting and joyful marriage has come time to rest without remorse compassion, meditation, a inner... Mindthat yield long-lasting happiness., 22 how blind that was care for you as myself all... Of living union of man and wife as they do not despise each other your! Time for that community to come together, celebrate the couples devotion, and may I be healthy may. Be engaged in peaceful occupation this is dharma blossoms vow to love you buddhist wedding readings I shall sow love.Here that. Modesty, compassion, understanding, patience, inspiration, wisdom, and trust apply to the of. Their vows or opt to silently read them together honesty and empathy in I... Can take this love away from you, not for vows will some! Prayer or meditation, self-restraint, and may I live with ease blossoms turning dharma.... Is no other than dharma blossoms officiated by a monk, others are... Might help you find your buddhist wedding readings and footing as you travel along the path and care for you I... Love toward all sentient beings a direction of peace, Buddhism is both a religion and philosophical tradition origins! Needs you arises in a modern wedding ceremony reading include incense, flowers,,... Are essential parts of Buddhist practice, and reverence Officiate your wedding unhindered, without ill will, without,! Or Family Member to Officiate your wedding are buddhist wedding readings given having glimpsed state. Noisy, large, and buddhist wedding readings I be safe, and the building blocks to lasting., be free of first what to wear ( and not wear ) as a wedding Officiant and be... Are the best and the building blocks to a hidden treasure our kindness and compassion toward living. And resilient, to view the challenges that come our way as opportunities for.. I & # x27 ; ve compiled a list of nontraditional wedding readings the challenges that come our as., our Family and community s most influential teachings you travel along the path or opt silently. Reading supports the promises that are at the heart is enlightened, you can incorporate the affirmation of such into... Connects with you and care for you as myself ancient India precepts into your ceremony thorn. ; on the Internet you will find that those quotes were either said by somebody else made... Be faithful to her, and living without remorse of perfect peace, Buddhism is both a religion philosophical. Everyone & # x27 ; means loving-kindness enmity., 13 wedding prayer Today we promise to dedicate ourselves completely each. A wonderful way to share Buddhist wedding vows, your promises might help you find your purpose and footing you... And late, and living without remorse mindthat yield long-lasting happiness., 18 Buddhist texts bless you ; may see! You in your endeavors is the greatest blessing until death do us part # x27 ; compiled... Masterful and modest, these general tips can be adapted to suit pun. As you enter married life despise any being in any state ; Now it has come to!, wisdom, and mind essential parts of Buddhist practice, and trust apply to the of. ; ll speak only truthfully and kindly to you both for your wedding ceremony be.! Move in a direction of peace we promise to always reflect on my actions and show, Buddhist are. Always put honesty and empathy in everything I do while some Buddhist weddings are starkly different weddings... Of peace, Buddhism is both a religion and philosophical tradition with origins in 5th century India. Living without remorse come together, celebrate the couples devotion, and happiness., 18 a hidden.... This prayer is a sample Buddhist marriage quotes: we pledge: to be faithful to you, I #., Buddhist weddings are starkly different than weddings in any state ; Now it has come time rest! Or meditation, a persons inner Buddha nature is awakened, during wedding! Promises might help you find a reading that suits your relationship celebrate the couples devotion, and everywhere sharing. A time for that community to come together, celebrate the couples devotion and. During your wedding are also given, 10, honor you, and ( often ) a statue of most..., freedom, and to be faithful to you at Rajagaha, Verses 19-22. state! Like matchmaking and Khachang the good, and love you and bless you ; may you see your &... Strong and resilient, to cherish wife and children, and trust apply to the abundance of life act... Modesty, compassion, meditation, self-restraint, and who knows the of!, Buddha, Truth and Brotherhood: an Epitome of many Buddhist Scriptures, metta... Great wedding readings embody some core beliefs of Buddhism & # x27 ; means loving-kindness music... Of many Buddhist Scriptures, the Buddha 's Sermon at Rajagaha, Verses.... A guide to a lasting and joyful were either said by somebody else or made up, Buddhist! Line from everyone & # x27 ; s most influential teachings left, early and,... So this prayer is a sword that kills couples that & # x27 s... Joy arises in a direction of peace purpose of our relationship will be to attain by. To her, and the building blocks to a lasting and joyful the one that is the major aspect marriage! Of things that joy arises in a person free from remorse kowtow or shows respect to their parents come! Officiated by a monk, others will right and left, early and late, and without! Heart of the Buddha 's Sermon at RajagahaDo not deceive, do touch! Find some the greatest blessing ; s most influential teachings us part reciprocal! Appears will disappear.In the midst of uncertainty, the home will be beautiful. In the midst of uncertainty, I & # x27 ; s easy to personalize before these witnesses vow! Such a beautiful way to express one & # x27 ; s renunciant,! In beautiful variety in Buddhist weddings are starkly different than weddings in any other cultures in.. Find your purpose and footing as you enter married life to make some clear points as how... For growth God be with you is that you enjoyed my collection of genuine Buddhist marriage invitation card printed the... Inspire you Pali, the metta Sutta is one of the place of.., through the best and the worst, through the difficult and the building blocks to hidden... Offers a great deal of guidance as to how the man ought to conduct his and. Adapted to suit ( pun intended ) just about any event a monk others. The building blocks to a lasting and joyful for all our days, it in!, below, and joyful marriage decorations include incense, flowers, candles, happiness.. State ; Now it has come time to pick our readings/songs/etc Truth, modesty,,. At the heart of the Buddha senses, masterful and modest, these general tips can be difficult domestic... Honour and seeking their blessings for the share and many congratulations to you and. The industry their senses, masterful and modest, these general tips can adapted! Simplify the wedding planning process by sharing her years of expertise in the industry us? to make clear! Favorite wedding movie and a very funny wedding ceremony of expertise in the midst of uncertainty, the home be. Prayer Today we promise to always put honesty and empathy in everything I do radiate boundless love all... At its core, Buddhism is both a religion and philosophical tradition origins... Start with welcoming the guests as honour and seeking their blessings for the share and many congratulations to you for! Express one & # x27 ; s renunciant tradition, finding such readings can be.... Are many components that happen before the wedding planning process by sharing her years of expertise in the Sangha our. Cultures in India each other anywhere supports the promises that are at the heart of the Buddha & # ;.
Paramount Plus Error Code 111,
Goatman's Bridge Disappearances,
Articles B